arjuna uvāca
saṃnyāsasya mahābāho tattvam icchāmi veditum
tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthak keśi-niṣūdana
arjunaḥ | – | arjuna 1i.1 m. – biały, jasny; |
uvāca | – | √ vac (mówić) Perf. P 1c.1 – powiedział; |
saṃnyāsasya | – | saṃnyāsa 6i.1 m. – odrzucenia, rezygnacji, wyrzeczenia (od: sam-ni- √ as – zostawiać, odkładać, porzucać); |
mahābāho | – | mahā-bāhu 8i.1 m. ; BV : yasya bāhū mahāntau staḥ saḥ – o ty, którego ramiona są potężne (od: √ mah – powiększać, mahant – wielki; √ baṃh – zwiększać, bāhu – ramię, przedramię); |
tattvam | – | tat-tva abst. 2i.1 n. – tość, prawda, realność (od: tat – to); |
icchāmi | – | √ iṣ (pragnąć) Praes. P 3c.1 – pragnę; |
veditum | – | √ vid (wiedzieć) inf. – dowiedzieć się, poznać; |
tyāgasya | – | tyāga 6i.1 m. – porzucenia, wyrzeczenia (od: √ tyaj – porzucać); |
ca | – | av. – i; |
hṛṣīkeśa | – | hṛṣīkeśa 1i.1 m. – wzniesione włosy (od: √ hṛṣ – być podekscytowanym; hṛṣī – wzniesiony; keśa – włos) lub TP : hṛṣīkāṇām / indriyāṇām īśa iti – Pan zmysłów (od: hṛṣīka – zmysł; √ īś – posiadać, władać, īśa – pan, władca); |
pṛthak | – | av. – oddzielnie, pojedynczo (od: √ pṛth – rozszerzać); |
keśi-niṣūdana | – | keśi-niṣūdana 8i.1 m. ; TP : keśinaḥ niṣūdaneti – o zabójco Keśina (od: keśa – włos; -in, -min, -vin – sufiksy tworzące przymiotniki posesywne; ni- √ sūd – usuwać, zabijać, niṣūdana – zabicie, zniszczenie) |
Pierwsza pada BhG 18.1 jest taka sama jak pierwsza pada BhG 5.6;
pūrvādhyāye śraddhā-traividhyenāhāra-yajña-tapo-dāna-traividhyena ca karmiṇāṃ traividhyam uktaṃ sāttvikānām ādānāya rājasa-tāmasāṃ ca hānāya | idānīṃ tu saṃnyāsa-traividhya-kathanena saṃnyāsinām api traividhyaṃ vaktavyam | tatra ttva-bodhānantaraṃ yaḥ phala-bhūtaḥ sarva-karma-saṃnyāsaḥ sa caturdaśe’dhyāye guṇātītatvena vyākhyātatvān na sāttvika-rājasa-tāmasa-bhedam arhati | yo’pi tattva-bodhāt prāk tad-arthaṃ sarva-karma-saṃnyāsas tattva-bubhutsayā vedānta-vākya-vicārāya bhavati so’pi traiguṇya-viṣayā vedā nistraiguṇyo bhavārjuna ity ādinā nirguṇatvena vyākhyātaḥ | yas tv anutpanna-tattva-bodhānām anutpanna-tattva-bubhutsānāṃ ca karma-saṃnyāsaḥ sa saṃnyāsī ca yogī ca ity ādinā gauṇo vyākhyātas tasya traividhya-sambhavāt tad-viśeṣaṃ bubhutsuḥ arjuna uvāca saṃnyāsasyeti |
aviduṣām anupajāta-vividiṣāṇāṃ ca karmādhikṛtānām eva kiṃcit karma-parigrahena kiṃcit karma-parityāgo yaḥ sa tyāgāṃśa-guṇa-yogāt saṃnyāsa-śabdenocyate | etādṛśasyāntaḥ-karaṇa-śuddhy-artham avidvat-karmādhikāri-kartṛkasya saṃnyāsasya kenacid rūpeṇa karma- tyāgasya tattvaṃ svarūpaṃ pṛthak sāttvika-rājasa-tāmasa-bhedena veditum icchāmi | tyāgasya ca tattvaṃ veditum icchāmi |
kiṃ saṃnyāsa-tyāga-śabdau ghaṭa-paṭa-śabdāv iva bhinna-jātīya-padārthau kiṃ vā brāhmaṇa-parivrājaka-śabdāv ivaika-jātīyārthau | yady ādyas tarhi tyāgasya tattvaṃ saṃnyāsāt pṛthag veditum icchāmi | yadi dvitīyas tarhy avāntaropādhi-bheda-mātraṃ vaktavyam | eka-vyākhyānenaivobhayaṃ vyākhyātaṃ bhaviṣyati |
mahābāho keśiniṣūdaneti sambodhanābhyāṃ bāhyopadrava-nivāraṇa-svarūpa-yogyatā-phalopadhāne pradarśite | hṛṣīkeśa ity antar-upadrava-nivāraṇa-sāmarthyam iti bhedaḥ | atyanurāgāt sambodhana-trayam |
atrārjunasya dvau praśnau | karmādhikāri-kartṛkena pūrvokta-yajñādi-sādharmyeṇa saṃnyāsa-śabda-pratipādyatvena ca guṇātīta-saṃnyāsa-dvaya-sādharmyeṇa traiguṇya-sambhavāsambhavābhyāṃ saṃśayaḥ prathamasya praśnasya bījam | dvitīyasya tu saṃnyāsa-tyāga-śabdayoḥ paryāyatvāt karma-phala-tyāga-rūpeṇa ca vailakṣaṇyokteḥ saṃśayo bījaṃ saṃnyāsatyāgaśabdau
tyāgasaṃnyāsau hi mokṣasādhanatayā vihitau, „na karmaṇā na prajayā dhanena tyāgenaike amṛtatvam ānaśuḥ vedāntavijñānasuniścitārthās saṃnyāsayogād yatayaś śuddhasattvāḥ / te brahmaloke tu parāntakāle parāmṛtāt parimucyanti sarve//” ityādiṣu / asya saṃnyāsasya tyāgasya ca tattvam yāthātmyaṃ pṛthak veditum icchāmi / ayam abhiprāyaḥ kim etau saṃnyāsatyāgaśabdau pṛthagarthau, utaikārthav eva yadā pṛthagarthau, tadā anayoḥ pṛthaktvena svarūpaṃ veditum icchāmi; ekatve 'pi tasya svarūpaṃ vaktavyam iti
ity atra bhagavad-vākye mokṣa-kāṅkṣi-śabdena sannyāsina eva ucyante | anye vā yady anya eva te, tarhi – sarva-karma-phala-tyāgaṃ tataḥ kuru yatātmavān iti (Gītā 12.11) tvad-uktānāṃ sarva-karma-phala-tyāgināṃ teṣāṃ sa tyāgaḥ kaḥ | sannyāsināṃ ca ko sa sannyāsa iti vivekato jijñāsur āha sannyāsasyeti | pṛthag iti yadi sannyāsa-tyāga-śabdau bhinnārthau tadā sannyāsasya tyāgasya ca tattvaṃ pṛthag veditum icchāmi | yadi tv ekārthau tāv api tvan-mate anya-mate vā tayor aikyārtham arthād ekārthatvam iti pṛthag veditum icchāmi | he hṛṣīkeśeti mad-buddheḥ pravartakatvāt tvam eva imaṃ sandeha-mukhāpayasi | keśi-nisūdana iti taṃ ca sandehaṃ tvam eva keśinam iva vidārayasīti bhāvaḥ | mahābāho iti tvaṃ mahā-bāhu-balānvito 'haṃ kiñcid bāhubalānvita ity etad aṃśenaiva mayā saha sakhyaṃ tava | na tu sārvajñyādibhir aṃśair atas tvad-datta-kiñcit-sakhya-bhāvād eva praśne mama niḥśaṅkateti bhāvaḥ