BhG 2.71

vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān pumāṃś carati niḥspṛhaḥ
nirmamo nirahaṃkāraḥ sa śāntim adhigacchati

Update Required
To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version or update your Flash plugin.

analysis

syntax


yaḥ (he who) pumān (a person) sarvān (all) kāmān (desires) vihāya (after abandoning),
niḥspṛhaḥ (without longings) nirmamaḥ (unselfish) nirahaṁkāraḥ (without egotism) [san] (being) carati (he lives),
saḥ (he) śāntim (peace) adhigacchati (he obtains).

 

grammar

vihāya – vi-√hā (to abandon) absol. – after abandoning;
kāmān – kāma 2n.3 m. – wishes, desires, pleasures (from: √kam –to wish, to love, to long for);
yaḥ – yat sn. 1n.1 m. – he who;
sarvān – sarva sn. 2n.3 m. – all;
pumān – puṁs (pumān) 1n.1 m. – person;
carati – √car (to move, to go) Praes. P 1v.1 – he moves, he lives;
niḥspṛhaḥ – nir-spṛha 1n.1 m. – without longings (from: niḥ – out of, away from, without; √spṛh – to desire to obtain, to long for, spṛhā – eager desire, longing, envy);
nirmamaḥ – nir-mama 1n.1 m. – without [the notion of] ‘mine’, unselfish, uninterested (from: niḥ – out of, away from, without; mama – my, mine);
nirahaṁkāraḥ – nir-ahaṁ-kāra 1n.1 m. – without egoism, unselfish, not proud (from: aham – I; √kṛ – to do, kāra – a doer; ahaṁ-kāra – ego, egotism, pride);
saḥ – tat sn. 1n.1 m. – he;
śāntim – śānti 2n.1 f. – tranquility, peace, satisfaction, end, death (from: √śam – to calm, to put to an end, to destroy);
adhigacchati – adhi-√gam (to cross over, to obtain) Praes. P 1v.1 – he obtains;

 

textual variants


niḥspṛhaḥ → nispṛhaḥ (without longings);
sa śāntim → sa śāntam (he peace);
adhigacchati → abhigacchati (he obtains);

 
 


commentaries

Śāṃkara

The key:
an excerpt from the commented verse
quotes from the scriptures
starting polemic

Because it is so, therefore,

 yasmād evaṃ tasmāt –

That man attains peace, who, abandoning all desires,
moves about without attachment, without selfishness, without vanity.

 vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān pumāṃś carati niḥspṛhaḥ |
nirmamo nirahaṃkāraḥ sa śāntim adhigacchati ||2.71||

That man of renunciation, who, entirely abandoning all desires, goes through life content with the bare necessities of life,

 vihāya parityajya kāmān yaḥ saṃnyāsī pumān sarvān aśeṣataḥ kārtsnyena carati, jīvana-mātra-ceṣṭāśeṣaḥ paryaṭatīty arthaḥ |

who has no attachment even for those bare necessities of life, who regards not as his even those things which are needed for the mere bodily existence, who is not vain of his knowledge, –

 niḥspṛhaḥ śarīra-jīvana-mātre ’pi nirgatā spṛhā yasya saḥ niḥspṛhaḥ san | nirmamaḥ śarīra-jīvana-mātrākṣipta-parigrahe ’pi mamedam ity abhiniveśa-varjitaḥ | nirahaṃkāraḥ vidyāvattvādi-nimittātma-saṃbhāvanā-rahitaḥ ity etat |

such a man of steady knowledge, that man who knows Brahman, attains peace (nirvāṇa) , the end of all the misery of saṁsāra (mundane existence). In short, he becomes the very Brahman.

 sa evaṃ bhūtaḥ sthita-prajñaḥ brahmavit śāntiṃ sarva-saṃsāra-duḥkhoparama-lakṣaṇāṃ nirvāṇākhyām adhigacchati prāpnoti brahma-bhūto bhavati ity arthaḥ ||2.71||

 

Rāmānuja

kāmyanta iti kāmāḥ śabdadayo viṣayāḥ | yaḥ pumān śabdadīn sarvān viṣayān vihāya tatra niḥspṛhaḥ mamatā-rahitaś cānātmani dehe ātmābhimāna-rahitaś carati, sa ātmānaṃ dṛṣṭvā śāntim adhigacchati

 

Śrīdhara

yasmād evaṃ tasmāt vihāyeti | prāptān kāmān vihāya tyaktvopekṣya aprāpteṣu ca niḥspṛhaḥ yato nirahaṅkāro ‚taeva tad-bhoga-sādhaneṣu nirmamaḥ sann antar-dṛṣṭir bhūtvā yaś carati prārabdha-vaśena bhogān bhuṅkte | yatra kutrāpi gacchati vā | sa śāntim prāpnoti

 

Madhusūdana

yasmād evaṃ tasmāt vihāyeti | prāptān api sarvān bāhyān gṛha-kṣetrādīnāntarān manorājya-rūpān vāsanā-mātra-rūpāṃś ca pathi gacchaṃs tṛṇa-sparśa-rūpān kāmāṃs trividhān vihāyopekṣya śarīra-jīvana-mātre ‚pi nispṛhaḥ san | yato nirahaṅkāra śarīrendriyādāv ayam aham ity abhimāna-śūnyaḥ | vidyāvattvādi-nimittātma-sambhāvanā-rahita iti vā | ato nirmamaḥ śarīra-yātrā-mātrārthe ‚pi prārabdha-karmākṣipte kaupīnācchādanādau mamedam ity abhimāna-varjitaḥ san yaḥ pumāṃś carati prārabdha-karma-vaśena bhogān bhuṅkte yādṛcchikatayā yatra kvāpi gacchatīti vā | sa evaṃbhūtaḥ sthita-prajñaḥ śāntiṃ sarva-saṃsāra-duḥkhoparama-lakṣaṇām avidyā-tat-kārya-nivṛttim adhigacchati jñāna-balena prāpnoti | tad etad īdṛśaṃ vrajanaṃ sthita-prajñasyeti caturtha-praśnasyottaraṃ parisamāptam

 

Viśvanātha

kaścit tu kāmeṣu aviśvasan naiva tān bhuṅkte ity āha | vihāyeti nirahaṅkāro nirmama iti deha-daihikeṣu ahaṃtā-mamatā-śūnyaḥ

 

Baladeva

vihāyeti | prāptān kāmān viṣayān sarvān vihāya śarīropajīvana-mātre ‚pi nirmamo mamtā-śūnyaḥ nirahaṅkāro ‚nātmani śarīre ātmābhimāna-śūnyaś carati tad-upajīvana-mātraṃ bhakṣayati yatra kvāpi gacchati vā sa śāntiṃ labhate iti vrajeta kim ity asyottaram

 
 


translations

«
»
Both comments and pings are currently closed.