BhG 18.34

yayā tu dharma-kāmārthān dhṛtyā dhārayate rjuna
prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī dhṛtiḥ pārtha rājasī

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syntax


he arjuna (O Arjuna), he pārtha (O son of Pṛthā!),
yayā dhṛtyā tu (but by which firmness) prasaṅgena (by attachment) phalākāṅkṣī (desiring the fruit) dharma-kāmārthān (law, desire and wealth) dhārayate (he causes to hold),
sā dhṛtiḥ (that firmness) rājasī [asti] (is rajasic).

 

grammar

yayā yat sn. 3n.1 f.by which;
tu av.but, then, or, and;
dharma-kāmārthān dharma-kāma-artha 2n.3 m.; DV: dharmaś ca kāmaś cārthaś cetilaw, desire and wealth (from: dhṛ – to hold, dharma – the law; kam –to wish, to love, to long for, kāma – desire, love, pleasure; arth – to strive to obtain, to desire, to request, artha – purpose, advantage, concern, object, wealth);
dhṛtyā dhṛti 3n.1 f.by firmness, by determination (dhṛ – to hold, PP dhṛta – held);
dhārayate dhṛ (to hold up) Praes. caus. Ā 2v.1he causes to hold, he understands;
arjuna arjuna 8n.1 m.white, clear, Arjuna;
prasaṅgena pra-saṅga 3n.1 m.by attachment (from: sam-gam – come together or sañj – to attach, to stick, to embrace, saṅga – clinging, contact, relation, desire, attachment);
phalākāṅkṣī phala-ākāṅkṣin 1n.1 m.; TP: yaḥ phalam ākāṅkṣati saḥ desiring the fruit (from: phal – to ripen; phala – fruit, result; ā-kāṅkṣ – to desire, to expect, ākāṅkṣā – eager desire, longing; -in, -min, -vin – sufixes meaning one who possesses);
dhṛtiḥ dhṛti 1n.1 f.firmness, determination (dhṛ – to hold, PP dhṛta – held);
tat sn. 1n.1 f.that;
pārtha pārtha 8n.1 m.O son of Pṛthā (from: pṛth – to extend, pṛthā – Kuntī, mother of the sons of Pāṇḍu);
rājasī rājasī 1n.1 f. pertaining to rajas, rajasic (from: rañj – to be dyed, be excited, be delighted, rajas coloured, dust, passion, one of the three guṇas);

 

textual variants


yayā → yathā (as);
dharma-kāmārthān karma-kāmārthān (activities, desires and wealth);
prasaṅgena → prasannena (by satisfaction);
sā → yā (which);
 
 



Śāṃkara


yayā tu dharma-kāmārthān dharmaś ca kāmaś cārthaś ca dharma-kāmārthās tān dharma-kāmārthān dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate manasi nityam eva kartavya-rūpān avadhārayati he’rjuna, prasaṅgena yasya yasya dharmāder dhāraṇa-prasaṅgas tena tena prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī ca bhavati yaḥ puruṣaḥ, tasya dhṛtir yā sā pārtha rājasī
 

Rāmānuja


phalākāṅkṣī puruṣaḥ prakṛṣṭasaṅgena dharmakāmārthān yayā dhṛtyā dhārayate, sā rājasī / dharmakāmārthaśabdena tatsādhanabhūtā manaḥprāṇendriyakriyā lakṣyante / phalākāṅkṣīty atrāpi phalaśabdena rājasatvād dharmakāmārthā eva vivakṣitāḥ / ato dharmakāmārthāpekṣayā manaḥprabhṛtīnāṃ kriyā yayā dhṛtyā dhārayate, sā rājasīty uktaṃ bhavati
 

Śrīdhara


rājasīṃ dhṛtim āha yayā tv iti | yayā tu dhṛtyā dharmārtha-kāmān prādhānyena dhārayate na vimuñcati | tat-saṅgena phalākāṅkṣī ca bhavati sā rājasī dhṛtiḥ
 

Viśvanātha


no commentary up to the verse BhG 18.37
 

Baladeva


sa-kāma-vidvat-prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī puruṣaḥ | yayā dharmādīn tat-sādhana-bhūtā manaḥ-prāṇendriya-kriyā dhārayatee, sā dhṛtiḥ rājasī
 
 



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