BhG 17.4

syntax

sāttvikāḥ (those sattvic) devān (divinities) yajante (they worship),
rājasāḥ (those rajasic) yakṣa-rakṣāṁsi (yakṣas and rakṣāsas) [yajante] (they worship),
anye ca tāmasāḥ janāḥ (and other tamasic people) pretān bhūta-gaṇān (departed and hosts of spirits) yajante (they worship).

grammar

yajante	–	√yaj (to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship) Praes. Ā 1v.3 – they worship, they offer in sacrifice;
sāttvikāḥ	–	sāttvika 1n.3 m. – pertaining to sattva, sattvic (from: √as – to be, PPr sant – being, existing, true, the essence, abst. sattva – being, essence, wisdom, spirit, one of the three guṇas);
devān	–	deva 2n.3 m. – the gods, divinities (from: √div – to shine, to play);
yakṣa-rakṣāṁsi	–	yakṣa-rakṣas 2n.3 n.; DV: yakṣān ca rākṣasaś ceti – yakṣas and rakṣāsas (from: √yakṣ – to speed on, yakṣa – heavenly being, a servant of Kuvera; √rakṣ – to protect, rakṣas – protector, evil being, forest demons eating humans);
rājasāḥ	–	rājasa 1n.3 m. – related to rajas, rajasic (from: √rañj – to be dyed, be excited, be delighted, rajas – coloured, dust, passion, one of the three guṇas);
pretān	–	preta (pra-√i – to go away, to die) PP 2n.3 n. – who are gone, departed, dead;
bhūta-gaṇān	–	bhūta-gaṇa 2n.3 n.; TP: bhūtānāṁ gaṇān iti – hosts of spirits (from: √bhū – to be, PP bhūta – been, real, world; √gaṇ – to count, to sum up, gaṇa – group, flock, troop, series, class);
ca	–	av. – and;
anye	–	anya sn. 1n.3 m. – others;
yajante	–	√yaj (to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship) Praes. Ā 1v.3 – they worship, they offer in sacrifice;
tāmasāḥ	–	tāmasa 1n.3 m. – related to tamas, tamasic (from: √tam – to choke, to faint, to perish, to stop; tamas – darkness, gloom, dullness, passivity, one of the three guṇas);
janāḥ	–	jana 1n.3 m. – people, men (from: √jan – to be born, to produce);

textual variants

sāttvikā → sāttvikān ([they worship] the sattvic);
rājasāḥ → rākṣasāḥ (rakṣāsas);
pretān bhūta-gaṇāṁś cānye → bhūta-preta-piśācāṁś ca / tān pretān piśacāṁś ca / bhūtān preta-gaṇāṁś cānte (and spirits, departed and demons / those departed and demons / and other spiritsand hosts of departed);

Śāṃkara

tataś ca kāryeṇa liṅgena devādipūjayā sattvādiniṣṭhānumeyā ity āha—
yajante pūjayanti sāttvikāḥ sattva-niṣṭhā devān, yakṣa-rakṣāṃsi rājasāḥ, pretān bhūta-gaṇāṃś ca sapta-mātṛkādīṃś cānye yajante tāmasāḥ janāḥ

Rāmānuja

tad eva vivṛṇoti
sattvaguṇapracurāḥ sāttvikyā śraddhayā yuktāḥ devān yajante / duḥkhāsaṃbhinnotkṛṣṭasukhahetubhūtadevayāgaviṣayā śraddhā sāttvikītyuktaṃ bhavati / rājasā yakṣarakṣāṃsi yajante / anye tu tāmasā janāḥ pretān bhūtagaṇān yajante / duḥkhasaṃbhinnālpasukhajananī rājasī śraddhā; duḥkhaprāyātyalpasukhajananī tāmasītyarthaḥ

Śrīdhara

sāttvikādi-bhedam eva kārya-bhedena prapañcayati yajanta iti | sāttvikā janāḥ sattva-prakṛtīn devān eva yajante pūjayanti | rājasās tu rajaḥ-prakṛtīn yakṣān rakṣasāṃś ca yajante | etebhyo ‚nye vilakṣaṇās tāmasā janās tāmasān eva pretān bhūta-gaṇāṃś ca yajante | sattvādi-prakṛtīnāṃ tat-tad-devādīnāṃ pūjā-rucibhis tat-tat-pūjakānāṃ sāttvikāditvaṃ jñātavyam ity arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

śraddhā jñātā satī niṣṭhāṃ jñāpayiṣyati | kenopāyena sā jñāyatām ity apekṣite deva-pūjādikārya-liṅgenānumeyety āha yajanta iti | janāḥ śāstrīya-viveka-hīnā ye svābhāvikyā śraddhayā devān vasu-rudrādīn sāttvikān yajante te ‚nye sāttvikā jñeyāḥ | ye ca yakṣān kuverādīn rakṣāṃsi ca rākṣasān nirṛti-prabhṛtīn rājasān yajante te ‚nye rājasā jñeyāḥ | ye ca pretān viprādayaḥ svadharmāt pracyutā deha-pātād ūrdhvaṃ vāyavīyaṃ deham āpannā ulkāmukha-kaṭa-pūtanādi-saṃjñāḥ pretā bhavantīti manūktān piśāca-viśeṣān vā bhūta-gaṇāṃś ca sapta-mātṛkādīṃś ca tāmasān yajante te ‚nye tāmasā jñeyāḥ | anya iti padaṃ triṣv api vailakṣaṇya-dyotanāya sambadhyate

Viśvanātha

uktam arthaṃ spaṣṭayati sāttvikāntaḥ-karaṇāḥ sāttvikyā śraddhayā sāttvika-śāstra-vidhinā sāttvikān devān eva yajante | deveṣv eva śraddhāvattvād devā evocyante | evaṃ rājasā rājasāntaḥ-karaṇā ity ādi vivaritavyam

Baladeva

kārya-bhedena sāttvikādi-bhedaṃ prapañcayati yajanta iti | śāstrīya-viveka-saṃvid-vihīnā ye janāḥ svabhāva-jayā śraddhayā devān sāttvikān vasu-rudrādīn yajante te ‚nye rājasāḥ | ye pretān bhūta-gaṇāṃś ca tāmasā yajante te ‚nye tāmasāḥ | dvijāḥ svadharma-vibhraṣṭā deha-pātottara-labdha-vāyavīya-dehā ulkāmukha-kaṭa-pūtanādi-saṃjñāḥ pretā manūktāḥ piśāca-viśeṣā veti vyākhyātāraś cāt sapta-mātṛkādayaḥ | evam ālasyāt tyakta-veda-vidhīnāṃ svabhāvān sāttvikādyā nirūpitāḥ | ete ca balavad vaidika-sat-prasaṅgāt svabhāvān vijitya kadācid vede ‚py adhikṛto bhavantīti bodhyam