etair vimuktaḥ kaunteya tamo-dvārais tribhir naraḥ
ācaraty ātmanaḥ śreyas tato yāti parāṃ gatim
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he kaunteya (O son of Kuntī!),
etaiḥ tribhiḥ tamo-dvāraiḥ (from these three gates of darkness) vimuktaḥ naraḥ (liberated person) ātmanaḥ (own) śreyaḥ (welfare) ācarati (he performs).
tataḥ (then) parām gatim (to the supreme abode) yāti (he goes).
| etaiḥ |
– |
etat sn. 3n.3 m. – from these; |
| vimuktaḥ |
– |
vimukta (vi-√muc – to liberate, to release) PP 1n.1 m. – liberated; |
| kaunteya |
– |
kaunteya 8n.1 m. – O son of Kuntī (from: kunti – the people of Kunti, kuntī – Kuntī, mother of the sons of Pāṇḍu); |
| tamo-dvāraiḥ |
– |
tamas-dvāra 3n.3 n.; TP: tamaso dvārair iti – from gates of darkness (from: √tam – to choke, to faint, to perish, to stop; tamas – darkness, gloom, dullness, passivity, one of the three guṇas; √dvṛ – to obstruct, to cover, dvāra – gate, entrance, passage); |
| tribhiḥ |
– |
tri 3n.3 m. – from three; |
| naraḥ |
– |
nara 1n.1 m. – a person (from: nṛ – man, mankind); |
| ācarati |
– |
ā-√car (to behave, to perform) Praes. P 1v.1 – he performs; |
| ātmanaḥ |
– |
ātman 6n.1 m. – of the self; |
| śreyaḥ |
– |
śreyas 2n.1 n. – better, higher, perfect, the auspiciousness, the welfare (comparative of: śrī – śreyas, śreṣṭha); |
| tataḥ |
– |
av. – then, after that, from that, for that reason (from: tat – indeclinable ablative with an ending -tas); |
| yāti |
– |
√yā (to go, to attain) Praes. P 1v.1 – he goes, he attains; |
| parām |
– |
para 2n.1 f. – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme; |
| gatim |
– |
gati 2n.1 f. – moving, way, passage, means, refuge, goal (from: √gam – to go); |
vimuktaḥ → vimuktāḥ / viyuktaḥ (those liberated / not endowed);
yāti → yāṁti (they go);
The third pada of verse 16.22 is similar to the third pada of verses: BhG 6.45; 8.13, 9.32, 13.28;
tyāga-stutir iyaṃ—
etaiḥ vimuktaḥ kaunteya tamo-dvārais tamaso narakasya duḥkha-mohātmakasya dvārāṇi kāmādayas taiḥ, etais tribhiḥ vimukto nara ācaraty anutiṣṭhati | kiṃ ? ātmanaḥ śreyaḥ | yat-pratibaddhaḥ pūrvaṃ nācacāra, tad-apagamād ācarati | tatas tad-ācaraṇāt yāti parāṃ gatiṃ mokṣam apīti
etaiḥ kāmakrodhalobhaiḥ tamodvāraiḥ madviparītajñānahetubhiḥ vimuko naraḥ ātmanaḥ śreya ācarati labdhamadviṣayajñāno madānukūlye prayatate / tato mām eva parāṃ gatiṃ yāti
tyāge ca viśiṣṭaṃ phalam āha etair iti | tamaso narakasya dvāra-bhūtair etais tribhiḥ kāmādibhir vimukto nara ātmanaḥ śreyaḥ sādhanaṃ tapo-yogādikam ācarati | tataś ca mokṣaṃ prāpnoti
etat trayaṃ tyajataḥ kiṃ syād iti tatrāha etair iti | etaiḥ kāma-krodha-lobhais tribhir tamo-dvārair naraka-sādhanair vimukto virahitaḥ puruṣa ācaraty ātmanaḥ śreyo yad dhitaṃ veda-bodhitaṃ he kaunteya pūrvaṃ hi kāmādi-pratibaddhaḥ śreyo nācarati yena puruṣārthaḥ sidhyet | aśreyaś cācarati yena nirapayātaḥ syāt | adhunā tat-pratibandha-rahitaḥ sann aśreyo nācarati śreyaś cācarati tata aihikaṃ sukham anubhūya samyag-dhī-dvārā yāti parāṃ gatiṃ mokṣam
brak komentarza do BhG 16.23
tat-tyāge phalam āha etair iti | śreyaḥ svāśrama-karmādi-śreyaḥ-sādhanam | parāṃ gatiṃ muktim
