BhG 9.20

syntax

trai-vidyāḥ (knowers of threefold knowledge) yajñaiḥ (with sacrifices) mām (me) iṣṭvā (after worshipping)
soma-pāḥ (drinking soma) pūta-pāpāḥ (purified of the sins) svar-gatim (heavenly goal) prārthayante (they pray for).
te (they) puṇyam surendra-lokam (the noble world of the lord of divinities) āsādya (after attaining)
divi (in heaven) divyān deva-bhogān (divine enjoments of divinities) aśnanti (they enjoy).

grammar

trai-vidyāḥ	–	trai-vidya 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ tisro vidyā [ṛg-yajuḥ-sāmākhyāḥ] santi te – who have three kinds of knowledge [called Rig, Yajur and Sama] (from: tri – three; √vid – to know, to understand, vidyā – knowledge, wisdom);
mām	–	asmat sn. 2n.1 – me;
soma-pāḥ	–	soma-pa 1n.3 m.; ye somaṁ pibantīti – drinking soma (from: soma – sok ofiarny, nektar, Moon; √pā – pić, -pa – suffix: drinking);
pūta-pāpāḥ	–	pūta-pāpa 1n.3 m.; KD / BV: yeṣāṁ pūtāni pāpāni santi te – whose sins are purified (from: √pū – to purify, PP pūta – purified; pāpa – evil, sin);
yajñaiḥ	–	yajña 3n.3 m. – with sacrifices (from: √yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
iṣṭvā	–	√yaj (to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship) absol. – after worshipping;
svar-gatim	–	svar-gati 2n.1 f. – path to heaven (from: √sūr – to hurt, to be firm, sūra – the sun, a wise man, svar – heaven; √gam – to go, gati – moving, passage, means, refuge, goal);
prārthayante	–	pra-√arth (to strive to obtain, to desire, to request) Praes. Ā 1v.3 – they request, they pray;
te	–	tat sn. 1n.3 m. – they;
puṇyam	–	puṇya 2n.1 m. – good, meritorious, pious, pure (from: √pū – to purify, or √puṇ – to act piously);
āsādya	–	ā-√sad (to settle down, to attain) absol. – after attaining;
surendra-lokam	–	sura-indra-loka 2n.1 m.; TP: surāṇām indrasya lokam iti – the world of the lord of divinities (from: √sur – to reign or svar – heaven, sura – divinity; √ind – to be powerful, indra – king, the best, lord of heaven; loka – world);
aśnanti	–	√aś (to reach, to eat, to enjoy) Praes. P 1v.3 – they reach, they enjoy;
divyān	–	divya 2n.3 n. – divine (from: √div – to shine, diva – heaven);
divi	–	div 7n.1 f. – in heaven (from: √div – to shine);
deva-bhogān	–	deva-bhoga 2n.3 m.; TP: devānāṁ bhogān iti – enjoyments of the divinities (from: √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity; √bhuj – to eat, to enjoy, bhoga – enjoyment, luxuries, wealth);

textual variants

trai-vidyā → trī vidyā (three types of knowledge);
soma-pāḥ → soma-pā;
pūta-pāpā → dhūta-pāpā (whose sin is shaken off);
prārthayante → prārthayaṁti (they pray);
surendra-lokam → surendra-lokān (worlds of the lord of divinities);
deva-bhogān → deha-bhogān (bodily enjoyments);

Śāṃkara

ye pūrvoktair nivṛtti-prakārair ekatva-pṛthaktvādi-vijñānair yajñair māṃ pūjayanta upāsate jñāna-vidaḥ, te yathā-vijñānaṃ mām eva prāpnuvanti | ye punar ajñāḥ kāma-kāmāḥ—

traividyā ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-vido māṃ vasv-ādi-deva-rūpiṇaṃ somapāḥ somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ, tenaiva soma-pānena pūta-pāpāḥ śuddha-kilbiṣāḥ, yajñair agniṣṭomādibhir iṣṭvā pūjayitvā svar-gatiṃ svarga-gamanaṃ svar eva gatiḥ svar-gatis tām, prārthayante | te ca puṇyaṃ puṇya-phalam āsādya saṃprāpya surendra-lokaṃ śatakratoḥ sthānam aśnanti bhuñjate divyān divi bhavān aprākṛtān deva-bhogān devānāṃ bhogān

Rāmānuja

commentary under the verse BhG 9.21

Śrīdhara

tad evam avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā ity ādi śloka-dvayena kṣipra-phalāśayā devatāntaraṃ yajanto māṃ nādriyanta ity abhaktā darśitāḥ | mahātmānas tu māṃ pārthety ādinā ca mad-bhaktā uktāḥ | tatraikatvena pṛthaktvena vā ye parameśvaraṃ na bhajanti teṣāṃ janma-mṛtyu-pravāho durvāra ity āha traividyā iti dvābhyām | ṛg yajuḥ sāma lakṣaṇās tisro vidyāyeṣāṃ te trividyāḥ | trividyā eva traividyāḥ | svārthe tad-dhitaḥ | trisro vidyā adhīyate jānanti vā | traividyā veda-trayokta-karma-parāḥ ity arthaḥ | veda-traya-vihita-yajñair mām iṣṭvā mamaiva rūpaṃ devatānataram ity ajānanto ‚pi vastuta indrādi-rūpeṇa mām eveṣṭvā sampūjya | yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ | tenaiva pūta-pāpāḥ śodhita-kalmaṣāḥ santaḥ svargatiṃ svargaṃ prati gatiṃ ye prārthayante te puṇya-phala-rūpaṃ surendra-lokaṃ svargam āsādya prāpya | divi svarge | divyānuttamān devānāṃ bhogān | aśnanti bhuñjate

Madhusūdana

evam ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā ceti trividhā api niṣkāmāḥ santo bhagavantam upāsīnāḥ sattva-śuddhi-jñānotpatti-dvāreṇa krameṇa mucyante | ye tu sakāmāḥ santo na kenāpi prakāreṇa bhagavantam upāsate kintu sva-sva-kāma-sādhanāni kāmyāny eva karmāṇy anutiṣṭhanti te sattva-śodhakābhāvena jñāna-sādhanam anadhirūṇāḥ punaḥ punar janma-maraṇa-prabandhena sarvadā saṃsāra-duḥkham evānubhavantīty āha traividyeti dvābhyām |

ṛg-veda-yajur-veda-sāma-veda-lakṣaṇā hautrādhvarya-vaudgātra-pratipatti-hetavas tisro vidyā yeṣāṃ te tri-vidyās tri-vidyā eva svārthika-tad-dhitena traividyās tisro vidyā vidantīt vā veda-traya-vido yājñikā yajñair agniṣṭomādibhiḥ krameṇa savana-traye vasu-rudrād ity arūpiṇaṃ mām īśvaram iṣṭvā tad-rūpeṇa mām ajānanto ‚pi vastu-vṛttena pūjayitvābhiṣutya hutvā ca somaṃ pibantīti somapāḥ santas tenaiva soma-pānena pūta-pāpā nirasta-svarga-bhoga-pratibandhaka-pāpāḥ sakāmatayā svar-gatiṃ prārthayante na tu sattva-śuddhi-jñānotpatty-ādi | te divi svarge loke puṇyaṃ puṇya-phalaṃ sarvotkṛṣṭaṃ surendra-lokaṃ śata-kratoḥ sthānam āsādya divyān manuṣyair alabhyān deva-bhogān deva-dehopabhogyān kāmān aśnanti bhuñjate

Viśvanātha

evaṃ trividhopāsanāvanto ‚pi bhaktā eva mām eva parameśvaraṃ jānanto mucyante | ye tu karmiṇas te na mucyanta evety āha dvābhyāṃ traividyā iti | ṛg-yajuḥ-sāma-lakṣaṇās tisro vidyā adhīyante jānanti vā traividyā veda-trayokta-karma-parā ity arthaḥ | yajñair mām iṣṭvendrādayo mamaiva rūpāṇi ity ajānanto ‚pi vastuta indrādi-rūpeṇa mām eveṣṭvā yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantīti somapās te puṇyaṃ prāpya

Baladeva

evaṃ svabhaktānāṃ vṛttam abhidhāya teṣām eva viśeṣaṃ bodhayituṃ sva-vimukhānāṃ vṛttim āha traividyā iti dvābhyām | tisṝṇāṃ vidyānāṃ samāhāras trividyaṃ | tad ye ‚dhīyante vidanti ca te traividyāḥ | tad adhīte tad veda iti sūtrād aṇ | ṛg-yajuḥ-sāmokta-karma-parā ity arthaḥ | trayī-vihitair jyotiṣṭomādibhir yajñair mām iṣṭvendrādayo mamaiva rūpāṇy avidvanto ‚pi vastutas tat-tad-rūpeṇāvasthitaṃ mām evāradhyety arthaḥ | somapā yajña-śeṣaṃ somaṃ pibantaḥ | pūta-pāpā vinaṣṭ-svargādi-prāpti-virodha-kalmaṣāḥ santo ye svargatiṃ prārthayante te puṇyam ity ādi visphuṭārthaḥ | mayaiva dattam iti śeṣaḥ