BhG 2.50
buddhi-yukto jahātīha ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte
tasmād yogāya yujyasva yogaḥ karmasu kauśalam
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syntax
iha (here) buddhi-yuktaḥ (engaged by intelligence) sukṛta-duṣkṛte (good and bad deeds) ubhe (both) jahāti (he abandons).
tasmāt (therefore) yogāya (for yoga) yujyasva (be ready).
[yat] (what) karmasu (in activities) kauśalam (skilfulness) [asti] (is),
[tat] (this) yogaḥ (yoga) [asti] (is).
grammar
| buddhi-yuktaḥ | – | buddhi-yukta 1n.1 m.; TP: buddhyā yukta iti – engaged by intelligence / endowed with intelligence (from: √budh – to wake, to perceive, to understand, buddhi –– intelligence, thought, understanding, knowledge, idea, opinion; √yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage, PP yukta – yoked, endowed with); |
| jahāti | – | √hā (to leave, to abandon) Praes. P 1v.1 – he abandons; |
| iha | – | av. – here (often meaning: in this world); |
| ubhe | – | ubha sn. 2n.2 n. – both; |
| sukṛta-duṣkṛte | – | sukṛta-duṣkṛta 2n.2 n.; DV: sukṛtaṁ ca duṣkṛtaṁ ceti – good and bad deeds (from: √kṛ – to do, PP kṛta – done, made; su – prefix: good, excellent, beautiful, virtuous; dur / dus – prefix: difficult, bad, hard; su-kṛta – well done, merit, benefit, virtue, fortune; duṣ-kṛta – wrongly done, evil action, sin); |
| tasmāt | – | av. – therefore (from: tat sn. 5n.1 m. – from that); |
| yogāya | – | yoga 4n.1 m. – for yoking, for yoga (from:√yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage); |
| yujyasva | – | √yuj (to yoke, to join, to engage) Imperat. pass. 2v.1 – be joined, be yoked (with dative – be ready for); |
| yogaḥ | – | yoga 1n.1 m. – yoga, yoking, application, a means, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy (from:√yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage); |
| karmasu | – | karman 7n.3 n. – in activities (from: √kṛ – to do); |
| kauśalam | – | kauśala 1n.1 n. – skilfulness, expertise, well-being (from: kuśala – right, good, skilful); |
textual variants
buddhi-yukto → buddhyā yukto (yoked by intelligence);
jahātīha → jahātīme (he abandons these two);
yogaḥ karmasu → yoga-karmasu (in the activities of yoga);
Śāṃkara
The key:
an excerpt from the commented verse
quotes from the scriptures
starting polemic
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The merit of Wisdom. |
samatva-buddhi-yuktaḥ san svadharmam anutiṣṭhan yat phalaṃ prāpnoti tac chṛṇu – | |
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He who is endued with wisdom casts off here both good deeds and bad deeds. |
buddhi-yukto jahātīha ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte | tasmād yogāya yujyasva yogaḥ karmasu kauśalam ||2.50|| |
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The man that has evenness of mind casts off in this world both merit and sin (sukṛta and duṣkṛta, puṇya and pāpa) through attaining mental purity and knowledge. Wherefore apply yourself to devotion with equanimity. |
buddhi-yuktaḥ karma-samatva-viṣayayā buddhyā yukto buddhi-yuktaḥ saḥ jahāti parityajati iha asmin loke ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte puṇya-pāpe sattva-śuddhi-jñāna-prāpti-dvāreṇa yataḥ, tasmāt samatva-buddhi-yogāya yujyasva ghaṭāsva | | |
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For devotion is a power, – devotion being the equanimity of mind in success and failure on the part of him who is engaged in the performance of his own duties, his mind resting on the Īśvara all the while. |
yogo hi karmasu kauśalaṃ sva-dharmākhyeṣu karmasu vartamānasya yā siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samatva-buddhir īśvarārpita-cetastayā tat kauśalaṃ kuśala-bhāvaḥ | | |
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It is indeed a power, because works which are of a binding nature lose that nature when done with evenness of mind. Wherefore be equanimous. |
tad dhi kauśalaṃ yad bandhana-svabhāvāny api karmāṇi samatva-buddhyā svabhāvān nivartante | tasmāt samatva-buddhi-yukto bhava tvam ||2.50|| |
Rāmānuja
buddhi-yoga-yuktaḥ tu karma kurvāṇa ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte anādi-kāla-sañcite’nante bandha-hetu-bhūte jahāti | tasmād uktāya buddhi-yogāya yujyasva | yogaḥ karmasu kauśalaṃ karmasu kriyamāṇeṣv ayaṃ buddhi-yogaḥ kauśalam, atisāmarthyam | atisāmarthya-sādhyaḥ ity arthaḥ
Śrīdhara
buddhi-yoga-yuktas tu śreṣṭha ity āha buddhi-yukta iti | sukṛtaṃ svargādi-prāpakaṃ duṣkṛtaṃ nirayādi-prāpakam | te ubhe ihaiva janmani parameśvara-prasādena tyajati | tasmād yogāya tad-arthāya karma-yogāya yujyasva ghaṭasva | yogo hi karmasu kauśalam | sva-dharmākhyeṣu karmasu vartamānasya yā siddhy-asiddhyoḥ samatva-buddhir īśvarārpita-cetastayā tat kauśalaṃ kuśala-bhāvaḥ | tad dhi kauśalaṃ yad bandha-svabhāvāny api karmāṇi samatva-buddhyā svabhāvān nivartante | tasmāt samatva-buddhi-yukto bhava tvam
Madhusūdana
evaṃ buddhi-yogābhāve doṣam uktvā tad-bhāve guṇam āha buddhīti | iha karmasu buddhi-yuktaḥ samatva-buddhyā yukto jahāti parityajati ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte puṇya-pāpe sattva-śuddhi-jñāna-prāpti-dvāreṇa | yasmād evaṃ tasmāt samatva-buddhi-yogāya tvaṃ yujyasva ghaṭasvodyukto bhava | yasmād īdṛśaḥ samatva-buddhi-yoga īśvarārpita-cetasaḥ karmasu pravartamānasya kauśalaṃ kuśala-bhāvo yad-bandha-hetūnām api karmaṇāṃ tad-abhāvo mokṣa-paryavasāyitvaṃ ca tan mahat kauśalam |
samatva-buddhi-yuktaḥ karma-yogaḥ karmātmāpi san duṣṭa-karma-kṣayaṃ karotīti mahā-kuśalaḥ | tvaṃ tu na kuśalo yataś cetano ‚pi san sajātīya-duṣṭa-kṣayaṃ na karoṣīti vyatireko ‚tra dhvanitaḥ | athavā iha samatva-buddhi-yukte karmaṇi kṛte sati sattva-śuddhi-dvāreṇa buddhi-yuktaḥ paramātma-sākṣātkāravān sañjahāty ubhe sukṛta-duṣkṛte | tasmāt samatva-buddhi-yuktāya karma-yogāya yujyasva | yasmāt karmasu madhye samatva-buddhi-yuktaḥ karma-yogaḥ kauśalaṃ kuśalo duṣṭa-karma-nivāraṇa-catura ity arthaḥ
Viśvanātha
yogāyokta-lakṣaṇāya yujyasva ghaṭasva | yataḥ karmasu sakāma-niṣkāmeṣu madhye yoga evodāsīnatvena karma-karaṇam eva | kauśalaṃ naipuṇyam ity arthaḥ
Baladeva
uktasya buddhi-yogasya prabhāvam āha buddhīti | iha karmasu yo buddhi-yuktaḥ pradhāna-phala-tyāga-viṣayānuṣaṅga-phala-siddhy-asiddhi-samatva-viṣayayā ca buddhyā yuktas tāni karoti, sa ubhe anādi-kāla-sañcite jñāna-pratibandhake sukṛta-duṣkṛte jahāti vināśayatīty arthaḥ | tasmād uktāya buddhi-yogāya yujyasva ghaṭasva | yasmāt karma-yogas tādṛśa-buddhi-sambandhaḥ | kauśalam cāturyaṃ bandhakānām eva buddhi-samparkād viśodhita-viṣa-pārada-nyāyena mocakatvena pariṇāmāt
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