BhG 2.57

yaḥ sarvatrānabhisnehas tat tat prāpya śubhāśubham
nābhinandati na dveṣṭi tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā

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analysis

syntax


yaḥ (he who) sarvatra (everywhere) anabhisnehaḥ (who is unaffected) [san] (being)
tat tat (that and that) śubhāśubhaṁ (good and evil) prāpya (after obtaining)
na abhinandati (he does not praises), na dveṣṭi (he does not hate),
[tadā] (then) tasya (his) prajñā (wisdom) pratiṣṭhitā (steady) [asti] (is).

 

grammar

yaḥ – yat sn. 1n.1 m. – he who;
sarvatra – av. – everywhere, in every case (from: sarva – every; indeclinable locative with an ending –tra);
anabhisnehaḥ – an-abhi-sneha 1n.1 m. – who is unaffected (from: √snih – to be adhesive, be fixed, be attached, sneha – oil, viscidity, affection, fondness);
tat tat – tat sn. 2n.1 n. – that and that (distributive use – each respectively);
prāpya – pra-√āp (to obtain) absol. – after obtaining;
śubhāśubham – śubha-aśubha 2n.1 n.; DV: śubhaṁ ca aśubhaṁ ceti – good and evil (from: √śubh – to shine, śubha – splendid, pleasant, auspicious, good);
na – av. – not;
abhinandati – abhi-√nand (to please, to praise) Praes. P 1v.1 – he rejoices, he praises;
na – av. – not;
dveṣṭi – √dviṣ (to hate) Praes. P 1v.1 – he hates;
tasya – tat sn. 6n.1 m. – his;
prajñā – prajñā 1n.1 f. – discrimination, wisdom, judgement (from: pra-√jñā – to know, to understand, to discern);
pratiṣṭhitā – pratiṣṭhita (prati-√sthā – to stand firmly) PP 1n.1 f. – fixed, firm, steady;

 

textual variants


tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā → sthita-prajñas tadocyate (then he is called one with a steady wisdom);

 
 


commentaries

Śāṃkara

The key:
an excerpt from the commented verse
quotes from the scriptures
starting polemic

(3) Absence of attachment, delight and aversion.
Moreover,

 kiṃ ca –

Whoso, without attachment anywhere, on meeting with anything good or bad,
neither exults nor hates, his knowledge becomes steady.

 yaḥ sarvatrānabhisnehas tat tat prāpya śubhāśubham |
nābhinandati na dveṣṭi tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā ||2.57||

The sage has no attachment even for the life of the body. He does not exult in pleasure, nor is he averse to pain that may befall him.

 yaḥ muniḥ sarvatra deha-jīvitādiṣv api anabhisneho ’bhisneha-varjitas tat tat prāpya śubhāśubhaṃ tat tat śubham aśubhaṃ vā labdhvā nābhinandati na dveṣṭi śubhaṃ prāpya na tuṣyati na hṛṣyati, aśubhaṃ ca prāpya na dveṣṭi ity arthaḥ |

When he is thus free from delight and distress, his knowledge arising from discrimination becomes steady.

 tasya evaṃ harṣa-viṣāda-varjitasya vivekajā prajñā pratiṣṭhitā bhavati ||2.57||

 

Rāmānuja

tato’rvācīna-daśā procyate—ya iti | yaḥ sarvatra priyeṣv anabhisneha udāsīnaḥ priya-saṃśleṣa-viśleṣa-rūpaṃ śubhāśubhaṃ prāpyābhinandan-dveṣa-rahitaḥ | so’pi sthita-prajñaḥ

 

Śrīdhara

kathaṃ bhāṣeta ity asyottaram āha ya iti | yaḥ sarvatra putra-mitrādiṣv apy anabhisnehaḥ sneha-varjitaḥ | ataeva bādhitānuvṛttyā tat tat śubham anukūlaṃ prāpya nābhinandati aśubhaṃ pratikūlaṃ prāpya na dveṣṭi na nindati | kintu kevalam udāsīna eva bhāṣate | tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitety arthaḥ

 

Madhusūdana

kiṃ ca | sarva-deheṣu jīvanādiṣv api yo munir anabhisnehaḥ, yasmin saty anyadīye hāni-vṛddhī svasminn āropyete sa tādṛśo ‚nya-viṣayaḥ premāpara-paryāyas tāmaso vṛtti-viśeṣaḥ snehaḥ sarva-prakāreṇa tad-rahito ‚nabhisnehaḥ | bhagavati paramātmani tu sarvathābhisnehavān bhaved eva | anātman-snehābhāvasya tad-arthatvād iti draṣṭavyam |
tat-tat-prārabdha-karma-pariprāpitaṃ śubhaṃ sukha-hetuṃ viṣayaṃ prāpya nābhinandati harṣa-viśeṣa-puraḥsaraṃ na praśaṃsati | aśubhaṃ duḥkha-hetuṃ viṣayaṃ prāpya na dveṣṭi antar-asūyā-pūrvakaṃ na nindati | ajñasya hi sukha-hetur yaḥ sva-kalatrādiḥ sa śubho viṣayas tad-guṇa-kathanādi-pravartikā dhī-vṛttir bhrānti-rūpābhinandaḥ | sa ca tāmasaḥ, tad-guṇa-kathanādeḥ para-prarocanārthatvābhāvena vyarthatvāt | evam asūyotpādanena duḥkha-hetuḥ parakīya-vidyā-prakarṣādir enaṃ pratyaśubho viṣayas tan-nindādi-pravartikā bhrānti-rūpā dhī-vṛtti-viśeṣaḥ | so ‚pi tāmasaḥ | tan-nindāyā nivāraṇārthatvābhāvena vyarthatvāt | tāv abhinanda-dveṣau bhrānti-rūpau tāmasau katham abhrānte śuddha-sattve sthita-prajñe sambhavatām | tasmād vicālakābhāvāt tasyānabhisnehasya harṣa-viṣāda-rahitasya muneḥ prajñā paramātma-tattva-viṣayā pratiṣṭhitā phala-paryavasāyinī sa sthita-prajña ity arthaḥ | evam anyo ‚pi mumukṣuḥ sarvatrānabhisneho bhavet | śubhaṃ prāpya na praśaṃset, aśubhaṃ prāpya na ninded ity abhiprāyaḥ | atra ca nindā-praśaṃsādi-rūpā vāco na prabhāṣeteti vyatireka uktaḥ

 

Viśvanātha

anabhisnehaḥ sopādhi-sneha-śūnyo dayālutvān nirupādhir īṣan-mātra-snehas tu tiṣṭhed eva | tat tat prasiddhaṃ sammāna-bhojanādibhyaḥ sva-paricaraṇaṃ śubhaṃ prāpyāśubham anādaraṇaṃ muṣṭi-prahārādikaṃ ca prāpya krameṇa nābhinandati | na praśaṃsati tvaṃ dhārmikaḥ paramahaṃsa-sevī sukhī bhaveti na brūte | na dveṣṭi tvaṃ pāpātmā narake pateti nābhiśapati | tasya prajñā pratiṣṭhitā samādhiṃ prati sthitā susthira-prajñā ucyata ity arthaḥ

 

Baladeva

ya iti sarveṣu prāṇiṣu anabhisneha aupādhika-sneha-śūnyaḥ | kāruṇikatvān nirupādhir īṣad-snehas tv asty eva | tat tat prasiddhaṃ śubham uttama-bhojana-srak-candanārpaṇa-rūpaṃ prāpya nābhinandati tad-arpakaṃ prati dharmiṣṭhas tvaṃ ciraṃ jīveti na vadati | aśubham apamānaṃ yaṣṭi-prahārādikaṃ ca prāpya na dveṣṭi, pāpiṣṭhas tvaṃ miryasveti nābhiśapati | tasya prajñeti sa sthita-prajña ity arthaḥ | atra stuti-nindā-rūpaṃ vaco na bhāṣata iti vyatirekeṇa tal lakṣaṇam

 
 


translations

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