BhG 17.13

vidhi-hīnam asṛṣṭānnaṃ mantra-hīnam adakṣiṇam
śraddhā-virahitaṃ yajñaṃ tāmasaṃ paricakṣate

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syntax


vidhi-hīnam (destitute of rules) asṛṣṭānnam (in which food is not given) mantra-hīnam (destitute of sacred formulas) adakṣiṇam (in which there is no remuneration for the priest) śraddhā-virahitam (deprived of faith) yajñam (sacrifice) tāmasam (tamasic) paricakṣate (they call).

 

grammar

vidhi-hīnam vidhi-hīna 2n.1 m.; yo vidhibhir hīno ‘sti tam destitute of rules (from: vidhi – a rule, formula, injunction; hīna – left, abandoned, in compounds: out of, away from, without – what? requires instrumental??, ablative or locative);
asṛṣṭānnam asṛṣṭa-anna 2n.1 m.; BV: yasmin annaṁ sṛṣtaṇ nāsti tam vidhibhir hīno ‘sti tam in which food is not given (from: (sṛj – to let go, to emit, PP sṛṣṭa – emitted, created, provided; ad – to eat, PP anna – jadło);
mantra-hīnam mantra-hīna 2n.1 m.; yo mantrair hīno ‘sti tam destitute of sacred formulas (from: mantr – to think, to advise, mantra – sacred formula; hīna – left, abandoned, in compounds: out of, away from, without – what? requires instrumental??, ablative or locative);
adakṣiṇam a-dakṣiṇa 2n.1 m.; BV: yasmin dakṣinā nāsti tam in which there is no remuneration for the priest (from: dakṣiṇa – right, southern, gift, walking round as a sign of respect, dakṣiṇā – fee for the priest);
śraddhā-virahitam śraddhā-virahita 2n.1 m.; yaḥ śraddhayā virahito ‘sti tam deprived of faith (from: śrat – in compounds: faith; dhā – to put [faith]; śraddhā – faith, confidence; vi-rahita – deserted, lonely, deprived of what? requires instrumental or genitive);
yajñam yajña 2n.1 m. sacrifice, worship (from: yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
tāmasam tāmasa 2n.1 m. related to tamas, tamasic (from: tam – to choke, to faint, to perish, to stop; tamas – darkness, gloom, dullness, passivity, one of the three guṇas);
paricakṣate pari-cakṣ (to name) Praes. Ā 1v.3they call;

 

textual variants


asṛṣṭānnaṁ → amṛṣṭānnaṁ / asṛṣṭārthaṁ / anuṣṭhānaṁ (in which food is not washed / in which goods are not given / practised [without rules]);
śraddhā-virahitaṁ → śraddhā-vivarjitaṁ (deprived of faith);
yajñaṁ → yac ca (and which);
 
 



Śāṃkara


vidhi-hīnaṃ yathā-codita-viparītam, asṛṣṭānnaṃ brāhmaṇebhyo na sṛṣṭaṃ na dattam, annaṃ yasmin yajñe so’sṛṣṭānnas tam asṛṣṭānnam | mantra-hīnaṃ mantrataḥ svarato varṇato vā viyuktaṃ mantra-hīnam, adakṣiṇam ukta-dakṣiṇā-rahitam, śraddhā-virahitaṃ yajñaṃ tāmasaṃ paricakṣate tamo-nirvṛttaṃ kathayanti
 

Rāmānuja


vidhihīnam brāhmaṇoktihīnam; sadācārayuktair vidvadbhir brāhmaṇair yajasvetyuktihīnam ityarthaḥ; asṛṣṭānnaṃ acoditadravyam, mantrahīnam adakṣiṇaṃ śraddhāvirahitaṃ ca yajñaṃ tāmasaṃ paricakṣate
 

Śrīdhara


tāmasaṃ yajñam āha vidhi-hīnam iti | vidhi-hīnaṃ śāstrokta-vidhi-śūnyam asṛṣṭānnaṃ brāhmaṇādibhyo na sṛṣṭaṃ na niṣpāditam annaṃ yasmiṃs tam | mantrair hīnaṃ | yathokta-dakṣiṇā-rahitaṃ śraddhā-śūnyaṃ ca yajñaṃ tāmasaṃ paricakṣate kathayanti śiṣṭāḥ
 

Madhusūdana


yathā-śāstra-bodhita-viparītam anna-dāna-hīnaṃ svarato varṇataś ca mantra-hīnaṃ yathokta-dakṣiṇā-hīnam ṛtvig-dveṣādinā śraddhā-rahitaṃ tāmasaṃ yajñaṃ paricakṣate śiṣṭāḥ | vidhi-hīnatvādy-ekaika-viśeṣaṇaḥ pañca-vidhaḥ sarva-viśeṣaṇa-samuccayena caika-vidha iti ṣaṭ | dvi-tri-catur-viśeṣaṇa-samuccayena ca bahavo bhedās tāmasa-yajñasya jñeyāḥ | rājase yajñe ‚ntaḥ-karaṇa-śuddhy-abhāve ‚pi phalotpādakam apūrvam asti yathā-śāstram anuṣṭhānāt | tāmase tv ayathā-śāstrānuṣṭhānān na kim apy apūrvam astīty atiśayaḥ
 

Viśvanātha


asṛṣṭānnam anna-dāna-rahitam
 

Baladeva


vidhīti asṛṣṭānnam anna-dāna-rahitaṃ mantra-hīnaṃ svarato varṇataś ca hīnena mantraṇopetaṃ śraddhā-virahitaṃ ṛtvig-vidveṣāt
 
 



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