BhG 17.11

aphalākāṅkṣibhir yajño vidhi-dṛṣṭo ya ijyate
yaṣṭavyam eveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ

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syntax


aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ (by those not expecting the fruit) yaṣṭavyam eva iti (indeed to be offered)
manaḥ (the mind) samādhāya (after concentrating)
yaḥ vidhi-dṛṣṭaḥ (in which the rules are seen) yajñaḥ (sacrifice) ijyate (is offered),
saḥ sāttvikaḥ [yajñaḥ asti] (this is a sattvic sacrifice).

 

grammar

aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ a-phala-ākāṅkṣin 3n.3 m.; TP: ye phalaṁ nākāṅkṣanti taiḥ by those not expecting the fruit (from: phal – to ripen; phala – fruit, result; ā-kāṅkṣ – to desire, to expect, ākāṅkṣā – eager desire, longing; -in, -min, -vin – sufixes meaning one who possesses);
yajñaḥ yajña 1n.1 m. sacrifice, worship (from: yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
vidhi-dṛṣṭaḥ vidhi-dṛṣṭa 1n.1 m.; BV: yasmin vidhayo dṛṣṭāḥ santi saḥ in which the rules are seen (from: vidhi – a rule, formula, injunction; dṛś – to see, PP dṛṣṭa – seen);
yaḥ yat sn. 1n.1 m.he who;
ijyate yaj (to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship) Praes. pass. 1v.1it is offered;
yaṣṭavyam yaṣṭavya (yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship) PF 1n.1 m.it is to be offered;
eva av.certainly, just, merely;
iti av.thus (used to close the quotation);
manaḥ manas 2n.1 n.the mind (from: man – to think);
samādhāya sam-ā-dhā (to put, to fix, to compose, to concentrate) absol.after concentrating;
saḥ tat sn. 1n.1 m.he;
sāttvikaḥ sāttvika 1n.1 m. related to sattva, sattvic (from: as – to be, PPr sant – being, existing, true, the essence, abst. sattva – being, essence, wisdom, spirit, one of the three guṇas);

 

textual variants


aphalākāṅkṣibhiraphalākāṁkṣiṇā (by one not expecting the fruit);
vidhi-dṛṣṭo → vidhi-diṣṭo (settled by the rules) – not in critical edition but found eg. in Śrīdhara’s commentary;
ya ijyate → na yujyate (it does not become);
yaṣṭavyamyaṣṭavya (it is to be offered m.);
eveti → ityeva (thus indeed);
manaḥ → tataḥ (thus);
sāttvikaḥ → sāttvikam (sattvic);
 
 



Śāṃkara


athedānīṃ yajñas trividha ucyate—
aphalākāṅkṣibhir aphalārthibhir yajño vidhi-dṛṣṭaḥ śāstra-codanādṛṣṭau yo yajña ijyate nirvartyate, yaṣṭavyam eveti yajña-svarūpa-nirvartanam eva kāryam iti manaḥ samādhāya, nānena puruṣārtho mama kartavya ity evaṃ niścitya, sa sāttviko yajña ucyate
 

Rāmānuja


phalākāṅkṣārahitaiḥ puruṣaiḥ vidhidṛṣṭaḥ śāstradṛṣṭaḥ mantradravyakriyādibhir yuktaḥ, yaṣṭavyam eveti bhagavadārādhanatvena svayaṃprayojanatayā yaṣṭavyam iti manas samādhāya yo yajña ijyate, sa sāttvikaḥ
 

Śrīdhara


yajño ‚pi trividhaḥ | tatra sāttvikaṃ yajñam āha aphalākāṅkṣibhir iti | phalākāṅkṣā-rahitaiḥ puruṣair vidhinādiṣṭa āvaśyakatayā vihito yo yajña ijyate ‚nuṣṭhīyate sa sāttviko yajñaḥ | katham ijyate | yaṣṭavyam eveti | yajñānuṣṭhānam eva kāryam | nānyat phalaṃ sādhanīyam ity evaṃ manaḥ samādhāyaikāgraṃ kṛtvety arthaḥ
 

Madhusūdana


idānīṃ krama-prāptaṃ trividhaṃ yajñam āha aphaleti tribhiḥ | agnihotra-darśapūrṇamāsa-cāturmāsya-paśu-bandha-jyotiṣṭomādir yajño dvividhaḥ kāmyo nityaś ca | phala-saṃyogena coditaḥ kāmyaḥ sarvāṅgopasaṃhāreṇaiva mukhya-kalpenānuṣṭheyaḥ | phala-saṃyogaṃ vinā jīvanādi-nimitta-saṃyogena coditaḥ sarvāṅgopasaṃhārāsambhave pratinidhy-ādy-upādānenāmukhya-kalpenāpy anuṣṭheyo nityaḥ | tatra sarvāṅgopasaṃhārāsambhave ‚pi pratinidhim upādāyāvaśyaṃ yaṣṭavyam eva pratyavāya-parihārāyāyāvaśyaka-jīvanādi-nimittena coditatvād iti manaḥ samādhāya niścityāphalākāṅkṣibhir antaḥ-karaṇa-śuddhy-arthitayā kāmya-prayoga-vimukhair vidhi-dṛṣṭo yathā-śāstraṃ niścito yo yajña ijyate ‚nuṣṭhīyate sa yathā-śāstram antaḥ-karaṇa-śuddhy-artham anuṣṭhīyamāno nitya-prayogaḥ sāttviko jñeyaḥ
 

Viśvanātha


atha yajñasya traividhyam āha aphalākāṅkṣibhir iti | phalākāṅkṣā-rāhitye kathaṃ yajñe pravṛttir ata āha — yaṣṭavyam eveti | svānuṣṭheyatvena śāstroktatvād avaśya-kartavyam etad iti manaḥ samādhāya
 

Baladeva


atha yajña-traividhyam āha aphaleti tribhiḥ | aphalākāṅkṣibhiḥ phalecchā-śūnyair yo yajña ijyate kriyate vidhi-dṛṣṭo vidhi-vākyāj jātaḥ sa sāttvikaḥ | nanu phalecchāṃ vinā tatra kathaṃ pravṛttis tatrāha yaṣṭavyam eveti | māṃ prati vedenoktatvāt tat yajanam eva kāryaṃ, na tu tena phalaṃ sādhyam iti manaḥ samādhāyaikāgraṃ kṛtvety arthaḥ
 
 



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