BhG 5.25

labhante brahma-nirvāṇam ṛṣayaḥ kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ
chinna-dvaidhā yatātmānaḥ sarva-bhūta-hite ratāḥ

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syntax


kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ (whose sins are destroyed) chinna-dvaidhāḥ (whose doubt is cut) yatātmānaḥ (whose self is restrained) sarva-bhūta-hite ratāḥ (who rejoice in the welfare of all beings) ṛṣayaḥ (the seers) brahma-nirvaṇaṁ (extinction in brahman) labhante (they obtain).

 

grammar

labhante labh (to obtain) Praes. Ā 1v.3they obtain;
brahma-nirvāṇam brahma-nirvāṇa 2n.1 n.; TP: brahmaṇi nirvāṇam itiextinction in brahman (from: bṛh – to increase, brahman – spirit, the Vedas; nir- – to blow out, to extinguish, to soothe, nirvāṇa – extinction, perfect calm, death, final liberation);
ṛṣayaḥ ṛṣi 1n.3 m.sages, seers;
kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ kṣīṇa-kalmaṣa 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ kalmaṣāni kṣīṇāni santi te whose sins are destroyed (from: kṣi – to destroy, kṣīṇa – perished, lost; karma+so – destroying good acts, kalmaṣa – dirt, stain, sin);
chinna-dvaidhāḥ chinna-dvaidha 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ dvaidhaṁ chinnam asti te whose doubt is cut (from: chid – to cut, PP chinna – cut, destroyed; dvai-dha – duality, doubt, uncertainty);
yatātmānaḥ yatātman 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣām ātmā yato ‘sti te – whose self is restrained (from: yam – to hold back, to restrain, PP yata – held back, restrained; ātman – self);
sarva-bhūta-hite sarva-bhūta-hita 7n.1 m.; TP: sarveṣāṁ bhūtānāṁ hita iti in the welfare of all beings (from: sarva – all, whole; bhū – to be, PP bhūta – been, real, world; dhā – to put, PP hita – set, beneficial, useful, friendly);
ratāḥ rata (ram – to play, to rejoice) PP 1n.3 m. having rejoiced (requires locative);

 

textual variants


kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ → kṣīṇa-kilbiṣāḥ (whose sins are destroyed);
chinna-dvaidhā → chinna-dvidhā (whose duality is cut);
yatātmānaḥ jitātmānaḥ (whose self is conquered);
chinna-dvaidhā yatātmānaḥ → bhinnadvaitā mahātmānaḥ (whose duality is broken, those of powerful self);

The fourth pada of verse 5.25 is the same as the fourth pada of verse BhG 12.4.

 
 



Śāṃkara


kiṃ ca—

labhante brahma-nirvāṇaṃ mokṣam ṛṣayaḥ samyag-darśinaḥ saṃnyāsinaḥ kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ kṣīṇa-pāpā nirdoṣāś chinna-dvaidhāḥ chinna-saṃśayā yatātmānaḥ saṃyatendriyāḥ sarva-bhūta-hite ratāḥ sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ hite ānukūlye ratā ahiṃsakā ity arthaḥ

 

Rāmānuja


cchinnadvaidhāḥ śītoṣṇādidvandvair vimuktāḥ, yatātmānaḥ ātmany eva niyamitamanasaḥ, sarvabhūtahite ratāḥ ātmavat sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ hiteṣv eva niratāḥ, ṛṣayaḥ draṣṭāraḥ ātmāvalokanaparāḥ, ya evambhūtās te kṣīṇāśeṣātmaprāptivirodhikalmaṣāḥ brahmanirvāṇaṃ labhante

 

Śrīdhara


kiṃ ca labhanta iti | ṛṣayaḥ samyag-darśinaḥ | kṣīṇaṃ kalmaṣaṃ yeṣām | sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ hite ratāḥ kṛpalavaḥ | te brahma-nirvāṇaṃ mokṣaṃ labhante

 

Madhusūdana


mukti-hetor jñānasya sādhanāntarāṇi vivṛṇvann āha labhanta iti | prathamaṃ yajñādibhiḥ kṣīṇa-kalmaṣāḥ | tato ‚ntaḥkaraṇa-śuddhayā ṛṣayaḥ sūkṣma-vastu-vivecana-samarthāḥ saṃnyāsinaḥ | tataḥ śravaṇādi-paripākeṇa cchinna-dvaidhā nivṛtta-sarva-saṃśayāḥ | tato nididhyāsana-paripākeṇa saṃyatātmānaḥ paramātmany evaikāgra-cittāḥ | etādṛśāś ca dvaitādarśitvena sarva-bhūta-hite ratā hiṃsā-śūnyā brahma-vido brahma-nirvāṇaṃ labhante |

yasmin sarvāṇi bhūtāni ātmaivābhūd vijānataḥ |
tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvam anupaśyataḥ || iti śruteḥ |

bahu-vacanam, tad yo devānāṃ ity ādi-śruty-uktāniyama-pradarśanārtham

 

Viśvanātha


evaṃ bahava eva sādhana-siddhā bhavantīty āha labhanta iti

 

Baladeva


evaṃ sādhana-siddhā bahava bhavantīty āha labhanta iti | ṛṣayas tattva-draṣṭāraḥ | chinna-dvaidhā vinaṣṭ-saṃśayāḥ | sphuṭam anyat

 
 



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