BhG 4.37

syntax

he arjuna (O Arjuna!),
yathā (as) samiddhaḥ (blazing) agniḥ (fire) edhāṁsi (fuel) bhasma-sāt (into ashes) kurute (he does),
tathā (in like manner) jñānāgniḥ (fire of knowledge) sarva-karmāṇi (all activities) bhasma-sāt (into ashes) kurute (he does).

grammar

yathā	–	av. – as (correlative of: tathā);
edhāṁsi	–	edhas 2n.3 n. – fuel;
samiddhaḥ	–	samiddha (sam-√indh – to kindle) PP 1n.1 m. – blazing;
agniḥ	–	agni 1n.1 m. – fire (from: √ag – to move tortuously);
bhasmasāt	–	av. – into ashes (from: √bhas – to devour; bhasman – ashes);
kurute	–	kṛ (to do) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – he does;
arjuna	–	arjuna 8n.1 m. – white, clear, O Arjuna;
jñānāgniḥ	–	jñāna-agni 1n.1 m.; TP: jñānasyāgnir iti – fire of knowledge (from: √jñā – to know, to understand, jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, intelligence; √ag – to move tortuously, agni – fire);
sarva-karmāṇi	–	sarva-karman 2n.3 n.; TP: sarvāṇi karmāṇīti – all activities (from: sarva – all, whole; √kṛ – to do, karman – activity and its result);
bhasmasāt	–	av. – into ashes (from: √bhas – to devour; bhasman – ashes);
kurute	–	kṛ (to do) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – he does;
tathā	–	av. – in that manner, so, in like manner;

Śāṃkara

jñānaṃ kathaṃ nāśayati pāpaṃ ? iti sa-dṛṣṭāntam ucyate —-

yathaidhāṃsi kāṣṭhāni samiddhaḥ samyag iddho dīpto’gnir bhasmasāt bhasmībhāvaṃ kurute he arjuna, jñānam eva agnir jñānāgniḥ sarva-karmāṇi bhasmasāt kurute tathā nirbījīkarotīty arthaḥ | na hi sākṣād eva jñānāgniḥ karmāṇīndhanavat bhasmīkartuṃ śaknoti | tasmāt samyag darśanaṃ sarva-karmaṇāṃ nirbījatve kāraṇam ity abhiprāyaḥ | sāmarthyād yena karmaṇā arīram ārabdhaṃ tat pravṛtta-phalatvād upabhogenaiva kṣīyate | tasya tāvad eva ciraṃ yāvan na vimokṣye’tha sampatsye [candrhāuttaṃ 6.14.1] ato yāny apravṛtta-phalāni jñānotpatteḥ prāk kṛtāni jñāna-sahabhāvīni cātītāneka-janma-kṛtāni ca tāny eva sarvāṇi bhasmasāt kurute

Rāmānuja

samyakpravṛddho ‚gnir indhanasañcayam iva, ātmayāthātmyajñānarūpo ‚gnir jīvātmagatam anādikālapravṛttānantakarmasañcayaṃ bhasmīkaroti

Śrīdhara

samudravat sthitasyaiva pāpasyātilaṅghana-mātraṃ, na tu pāpasya nāśaḥ | iti bhrāntiṃ dṛṣṭāntena vārayann āha yathaidhāṃsīti | edhāṃsi kāṣṭhāni pradīpto ‚gnir yathā bhasmībhāvaṃ nayati tathātma-jñānam āpanno mumukṣuḥ kālena mahatātmani vindati labhata ity arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

nanu samudravat taraṇe karmaṇāṃ nāśo na syād ity āśaṅkya dṛṣṭāntaram āha yathaidhāṃsīti | yathaidhāṃsi kāṣṭhāni samiddhaḥ prajvalito ‚gnir bhasmasāt kurute bhasmībhāvaṃ nayati he ‚rjuna jñānāgniḥ sarva-karmāṇi pāpāni puṇyāni cāviśeṣeṇa prārabdha-phala-bhinnāni bhasmasāt kurute tathā tat-kāraṇājñāna-vināśena vināśayatīty arthaḥ | tathā ca śrutiḥ –

bhidyate hṛdaya-granthiś chidyante sarvasaṃśayāḥ |
kṣīyante cāsya karmāṇi tasmin dṛṣṭe parāvare || [MuṇḍU 2.2.8] iti |

tad-adhigama uttara-pūrvārdhayor aśleṣa-vināśau tad-vyapadeśāt | itarasyāpy evam asaṃśleṣaḥ pāte tu [Vs. 4.1.13-14] iti ca sūtre | anārabdhe puṇya-pāpe naśyata evety atra sūtram anārabdha-kārya eva tu pūrve tad-avadheḥ [Vs. 4.1.15] iti | jñānotpādaka-dehārambhakāṇāṃ tu tad-dehānta eva vināśaḥ | tasya tāvad eva ciraṃ yāvan na vimokṣye [ChāndU 6.14.2] iti śruteḥ | bhogena tv itare kṣapayitvā sampadyate [Vs. 4.1.19] iti sūtrāc ca | ādhikārikāṇāṃ tu yāny eva jñānotpādaka-dehārambhakāṇi tāny eva dehāntarārambhakāṇy api | yathā vasiṣṭāpāntara-tamaḥ-prabhṛtīnām | tathā ca sūtraṃ yāvad-adhikāram avasthitir ādhikārikāṇām [Vs. 3.3.32] iti | adhikāro ‚neka-dehārambhakaṃ balavat-prārabdha-phalaṃ karma | tac copāsakānām eva nānyeṣāṃ | anārabdha-phalāni naśyanti ārabdha-phalāni tu yāvad-bhoga-samāpti tiṣṭhanti | bhogaś caikena dehenānekena veti na viśeṣaḥ | vistaras tv ākara draṣṭavyaḥ

Viśvanātha

śuddhāntaḥkaraṇasyotpannaṃ tu prārabdha-bhinnaṃ karma-mātraṃ vināśayatīti sa-dṛṣṭāntam āha yatheti | samiddhaḥ prajvalitaḥ

Baladeva

brahma-vidyayā pāpa-karmāṇi naśyantīty uktam | idānīṃ puṇya-karmāṇy api naśyantīty āha yatheti | edhāṃsi kāṣṭhāni samiddhaḥ prajvalito ‚gnir yathā bhasmasāt kurute, tathā jñānāgniḥ sva-parātmānubhava-vahniḥ sarvāṇi karmāṇi puṇyāni pāpāni ca prārabdhetarāṇi bhasmasāt kurute | tatra sañcitāni prārabdhetarāṇīpīkatulavan nirdahati kriyamāṇāni padma-patrāmbu-binduvad viśeṣayati prārabdhāni tu tat-prabhāvenātijīrṇāny api sat-patha-pracārārthayā harer icchayaivātmānubhaviny avasthāpayatīti | śrutiś ca -ubhe uhaivaiṣa ete taraty amṛtaḥ sādhvasādhunī iti | eṣa brahmānubhavī ubhe saṃcitya kriyamāṇe ete sādhvasādhunī puṇya-pāpe karmaṇī tarati krāmatīty arthaḥ | evam āha sūtrakāraḥ tad-adhigama uttara-pūrvārdhayor aśleṣa-vināśau tad-vyapadeśāt [Vs. 4.1.13] ity ādibhiḥ