BhG 12.1

syntax

arjunaḥ (Arjuna) uvāca (he spoke):
evam (thus) ye satata-yuktāḥ (those who are constantly engaged) bhaktāḥ (devotees) tvām (you) paryupāsate (they worship),
ye ca api (and those who) avyaktam (unmanifested) akṣaram (imperishable) [paryupāsate] (they worship),
teṣām (of them) ke (who?) yoga-vittamāḥ (the best of knowers of yoga) [santi] (they are).

grammar

arjunaḥ	–	arjuna 1n.1 m. – white, clear, Arjuna;
uvāca	–	√vac (to speak) Perf. P 1v.1 – he spoke;
evam	–	av. – thus;
satata-yuktāḥ	–	satata-yukta 1n.3 m. – constantly engaged (from: sa-tata – constant, uninterrupted, av. – constantly; √yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage, PP yukta – yoked, endowed with);
ye	–	yat sn. 1n.3 m. – those who;
bhaktāḥ	–	bhakta (√bhaj – to share, to love, to rejoice, to worship) PP 1n.3 m. – distributed, divided, loved; worshippers, devotees;
tvām	–	yuṣmat sn. 2n.1 – you;
paryupāsate	–	pari-upa-√ās (to worship, to attend upon) Praes. Ā 1v.3 – they worship, they attend;
ye	–	yat sn. 1n.3 m. – those who;
ca	–	av. – and;
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
akṣaram	–	a-kṣara 2n.1 n. – imperishable, a syllable (from: √kṣar – to flow, to perish, kṣara – perishable);
avyaktam	–	a-vyakta (vi-√añj – to decorate, to make visible) PP 2n.1 n. – unmanifested, invisible;
teṣām	–	tat sn. 6n.3 m. – of those;
ke	–	kim sn. 1n.3 m. – who and who?;
yoga-vittamāḥ	–	yoga-vittama 1n.3 m.; ye yogaṁ viduḥ te – the best of knowers of yoga (from: √yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage, yoga – yoga, yoking, application, a means, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy; √vid – to know, to understand, -vit – suffix: who knows; vittama – superlative of: vit – vit-tara, vit-tama);

textual variants

bhaktās → bhaktyā (with devotion);
cāpy akṣaram → cāpy kṣaram (and just imperishable);
teṣāṁ ke yoga-vittamāḥ → teṣāṁ ke yoga-vittamaḥ / teṣāṁ ke yuktatamāḥ (fo them who are the best / of them who are the most engaged);

Śāṃkara

evam ity atītānantara-lokena uktam arthaṃ parāmṛśati mat-karma-kṛd ity ādinā | evaṃ satata-yuktāḥ, nairantaryeṇa bhagavat-karmādau yathokte’rthe samāhitāḥ santaḥ pravṛttā ity arthaḥ | ye bhaktā ananya-śaraṇāḥ santas tvāṃ yathā-darśitaṃ viśva-rūpaṃ paryupāsate dhyāyanti | ye cānye’pi tyakta-sarveṣaṇāḥ saṃnyasta-sarva-karmāṇo yathā-viśeṣitaṃ brahmākṣaraṃ nirasta-sarvopādhitvād avyaktam akaraṇa-gocaram | yad dhi karaṇa-gocaraṃ tad vyaktam ucyate, añjer dhātos tat-karmakatvāt | idaṃ tv akṣaraṃ tad-viparītam, śiṣṭau ca ucyamānair viśeṣaṇair viśiṣṭam, tad ye cāpi paryupāsate, teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ madhye ke yogi-vittamāḥ ? ke’tiśayena yoga-vida ity arthaḥ

Rāmānuja

evam „matkarmakṛt” ityādinoktena prakāreṇa, satatayuktāḥ bhagavantaṃ tvām eva paraṃ prāpyaṃ manvānāḥ ye bhaktāḥ, tvām sakalavibhūtiyuktam anavadhikātiśayasaundaryasauśīlyasārvajñyasatyasaṃkalpatvādyanantaguṇasāgaraṃ paripūrṇam upāsate, ye cāpy akṣaraṃ pratyagātmasvarūpam tad eva ca avyaktaṃ cakṣurādikaraṇānabhivyaktasvarūpam upāsate; teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ ke yogavittamāḥ ke svasādhyaṃ prati śīghragāmina ityarthaḥ, „bhavāmi na cirāt pārtha” iti uttaratra yogavittamatvaṃ śaighryaviṣayam iti hi vyañjayiṣyate

Śrīdhara

pūrvādhyāyānte mat-karma-kṛn mat-parama [Gītā 11.55] ity evaṃ bhakti-niṣṭhasya śreṣṭhatvam uktam | kaunteya pratijānīhīty [Gītā 9.31] ādinā ca tatra tatra tasyaiva śreṣṭhatvaṃ nirṇītam | tathā teṣāṃ jñānī nitya-yukta eka-bhaktir viśiṣyata [Gītā 7.17] ity ādinā sarvaṃ jñāna-plavenaiva vṛjinaṃ santariṣyasi [Gītā 4.36] ity ādinā ca jñāna-niṣṭhasya śreṣṭhatvam uktam | evam ubhayoḥ śraiṣṭhye ‚pi viśeṣa-jijñāsayā śrī-bhagavantaṃ praty arjuna uvāca evam iti | evaṃ sarva-karmārpaṇādinā satata-yuktās tvan-niṣṭhāḥ santo ye bhaktās tvāṃ viśva-rūpaṃ sarvajñaṃ sarva-śaktiṃ paryupāsate dhyāyanti | ye cāpy akṣaraṃ brahmāvyaktaṃ nirviśeṣam upāsate | teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ madhye ke ‚tiśayena yoga-vido ‚tiśreṣṭhā ity arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

evaṃ mat-karma-kṛd [Gītā 11.55] ity-ādy-anantarokta-prakāreṇa satata-yuktā nairantaryeṇa bhagavat-karmādau sāvadhānatayā pravṛttā bhaktāḥ sākāra-vastv-eka-śaraṇāḥ santas tvām evaṃ-vidhaṃ sākāraṃ ye paryupāsate satataṃ cintayanti | ye cāpi sarvato viraktās tyakta-sarva-karmāṇo ‚kṣaraṃ na kṣaraty aśnute vety akṣaram etad vai tad akṣaraṃ gārgi brāhmaṇā abhivadanty asthūlam anaṇv ahrasvam adīrgham [BAU 3.8.9] ity ādi-śruti-pratiṣiddha-sarvopādhi nirguṇaṃ brahma | ataevāvyaktaṃ sarva-karaṇāgocaraṃ nirākāraṃ tvāṃ paryupāsate teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ madhye ke yoga-vittamāḥ atiśayena yoga-vidaḥ | yogaṃ samādhiṃ vindanti vidantīti vā yoga-vida ubhaye ‚pi | teṣāṃ madhye ke śreṣṭhā yoginaḥ keṣāṃ jñānaṃ mayānusaraṇīyam ity arthaḥ

Viśvanātha

bhakti-prakaraṇasyopakrame –
yoginām api sarveṣāṃ mad-gatenāntarātmanā |
śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṃ sa me yuktatamo mataḥ || [Gītā 6.47]
iti bhakteḥ sarvotkarṣo yathā śruteḥ | tathaivopasaṃhāre ‚pi tasyā evaṃ sarvotkarṣaṃ śrotu-kāmaḥ pṛcchati | evaṃ satata-yuktā mat-karma-kṛn mat-paramaḥ [Gītā 11.55] iti tvad-ukta-lakṣaṇā bhaktās tvāṃ śyāmasundarākāraṃ ye ca avyaktaṃ nirviśeṣam akṣaraṃ etad vai tad akṣaraṃ gārgi brāhmaṇā abhivadanty asthūlam anaṇv ahrasvam [BAU 3.8.9] ity ādi-śruty-uktaṃ brahma upāsate | teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ yoga-vidāṃ madhye ke ‚tiśayena yogavidaś ca tva-prāntau śreṣṭham upāyaṃ jānanti na labhante vā | te yoga-vittarā iti vaktavye yoga-vittamā ity uktir yoga-vittarāṇām api bahūnāṃ madhye ke yogavittamā ity arthaṃ bodhayati

Baladeva

jīvātmānaṃ yathāvaj jñātvā vijñāya ca tad-aṃśī harir dhyeya iti avināśi tu tad viddhi [Gītā 2.17] ity ādibhir dvitīyādiṣv ekaḥ panthā varṇitaḥ | jīvātmānaṃ harer aṃśaṃ jñātvaiva tad-aṃśī haris tac-chravaṇādi-bhaktibhir dhyeya iti mayy āsakta-manāḥ pārtha [Gītā 7.1] ity ādibhiḥ saptamādiṣu dvitīya-panthāḥ pradarśitaḥ | teṣv eva prayāṇa-kāle [Gītā 8.10] ity ādinā yogopasṛṣṭā | jñāna-yajñena cāpy anye [Gītā 9.15] ity anena jñānopasṛṣṭā ca bhaktir uktā | bhakti-ṣaṭkāt prāk ṣaṣṭhānte kevalāṃ bhaktim upadekṣyatā yoginām api sarveṣāṃ [Gītā 6.47] ity ādi-padyena svaikāntinām yuktatamatāṃ cābhihitā | tatrārjunaḥ pṛcchati evam iti | evaṃ mayy āsakta-manāḥ pārtha [Gītā 7.1] ity ādi-tvad-ukta-vidhayā satata-yuktā ye tvāṃ śyāmasundaraṃ kṛṣṇaṃ paritaḥ kāyādi-vyāpārair upāsate, ye cākṣaraṃ jīva-svarūpaṃ cakṣur-ādibhir avyaktaṃ paryupāsate dhāraṇādhyāna-samādhibhiḥ sākṣāt-kartum īhante paramātma-kāmās teṣām ubhayeṣāṃ madhye yoga-vittamāḥ śīghropāyinaḥ ke bhavanti ? ayaṃ bhāvaḥ | svānubhava-pūrvakasya hari-dhyānasya bandha-mūlatvāt tena nirvighnā tat-prāptir ity eke | nīrūpasyātisūkṣmasya jīvātmano durdhyānatvāt kiṃ tad-dhyānena ? kintu hari-bhaktir eva sarva-vighna-vimardinī hari-prāpaṇīty eke | tasyām eva niratās teṣām ubhayeṣām upāyeṣu kaḥ śreyān upāya iti taṃ bhaṇeti