BhG 10.34

mṛtyuḥ sarva-haraś cāham udbhavaś ca bhaviṣyatām
kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk ca nārīṇāṃ smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā

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syntax


aham ca (and I) sarva-haraḥ mṛtyuḥ [asmi] (I am the death taking all away),
bhaviṣyatām (of future being) [aham] (I) udbhavaḥ [asmi] (I am the origin),
nārīṇām (among women) [aham] (I) kīrtiḥ (fame) śrīḥ (majesty) vāk (speech) smṛtiḥ (memory) medhā (intellect) dhṛtiḥ (firmness) kṣamā ca (and forbearance) [asmi] (I am).

 

grammar

mṛtyuḥ mṛtyu 1n.1 m.death (from: mṛ – to die);
sarva-haraḥ sarva-hara 1n.1 m.; yaḥ sarvaṁ harti saḥwho takes away everything (from: sarva – all, whole; hṛ to carry away, hara – taking away, removing);
ca av.and;
aham asmat sn. 1n.1I;
udbhavaḥ ud-bhava 1n.1 m.springing from, production (from: ud-bhū – to spring up from, to produce);
ca av.and;
bhaviṣyatām bhaviṣyant (bhū – to be) PPr (of: Fut.) 6n.3 n.among those coming;
kīrtiḥ kīrti 1n.1 f.fame, glory (from: kīrt – to praise, to glorify);
śrīḥ śrī 1n.1 f. lustre, majesty, fortune;
vāk vāk 1n.1 f.speech (from: vac – to speak);
ca av.and;
nārīṇām nārī 6n.3 f.among women, among feminine things (from: nṛ man, mankind, nara – a man, a person, nāra – related to men);
smṛtiḥ smṛti 1n.1 f.remembrance, tradition, sacred texts of tradition (from: smṛ – to think, to remember);
medhā medhā 1n.1 f.intelligence, understanding, sacrifice;
dhṛtiḥ dhṛti 1n.1 f.firmness, determination (dhṛ – to hold, PP dhṛta – held);
kṣamā kṣamā 1n.1 f.patience, tolerance, forbearance (from: kṣam – to forgive, to tolerate);

 

textual variants


cāham → cāsmi (and I am);
kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk kīrtiḥ śrī-vāk / kīrti-śrīr-vāk (fame, wealth, speech);
smṛtiḥ and dhṛtiḥ interchange;
dhṛtiḥ kṣamā → dhṛti-kṣamā / dhṛtiḥ kṣamāḥ (firmness and forbearance);
 
 



Śāṃkara


mṛtyur dvividho dhanādi-haraḥ prāṇa-haraś ca | tatra yaḥ prāṇa-haraḥ, sa sarva-hara ucyate | so’ham ity arthaḥ | athavā, para īśvaraḥ pralaye sarva-haraṇāt sarva-haraḥ, so’ham | udbhava utkarṣaḥ abhyudayas tat-prāpti-hetuś cāham | keṣāṃ ? bhaviṣyatāṃ bhāvi-kalyāṇānām, utkarṣa-prāpti-yogyānām ity arthaḥ | kīrtiḥ śrīḥ vāk ca nārīṇāṃ smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā ity etā uttamāḥ strīṇām aham asmi, yāsām ābhāsa-mātra-saṃbandhenāpi lokaḥ kṛtārtham ātmānaṃ manyate

 

Rāmānuja


sarvaprāṇaharo mṛtyuś cāham / utpatsyamānānām udbhavākhyaṃ karma cāham / śrīr aham; kīrtiś cāham; vāk cāham; smṛtiś cāham; medhā cāham; dhṛtiś cāham; kṣamā cāham

 

Śrīdhara


mṛtyur iti | saṃhārakānāṃ madhye sarvaharo mṛtyur aham | bhaviṣyatāṃ bhāvi-kalyāṇānāṃ prāṇinām udbhavo ‚bhudayo ‚ham | nārīṇāṃ madhye kīrty-ādyāḥ spata-devatā-rūpāḥ striyo ‚ham | yāsām ābhāsa-mātra-yogena prāṇinaḥ ślāghyā bhavanti tāḥ kīrty-ādyāḥ striyo mad-vibhūtayaḥ

 

Madhusūdana


saṃhāra-kāriṇāṃ madhye sarva-haraḥ sarva-saṃhāra-kārī mṛtyur aham | bhaviṣyatāṃ bhāvi-kalyāṇānāṃ ya udbhava utkarṣaḥ sa cāham eva | nārīṇāṃ madhye kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣameti ca sapta dharma-patnyo ‚ham eva | tatra kīrtir dhārmikatva-nimittā praśastatvena nānā-dig-deśīya-loka-jñāna-viṣayatā-rūpā khyātiḥ | śrīr dharmārtha-kāma-sampat śarīra-śobhā vā kāntir vā | vāk sarasvatī sarvasyārthasya prakāśikā saṃskṛtā vāṇī | ca-kārān mūrtyādayo ‚pi dharma-patnyo gṛhyante | smṛtiś cirānubhūtārtha-smaraṇa-śaktiḥ | aneika-granthārtha-dhāraṇā-śaktir medhā | dhṛtir avasāde ‚pi śarīrendriya-saṃghātottambhana-śaktiḥ | ucchṛṅkhala-pravṛtti-kāraṇena cāpala-prāptau tan-nivartana-śaktir vā | kṣamā harṣa-viṣādayor avikṛta-cittatā | yāsām ābhāsa-mātra-sambandhenāpi janaḥ sarva-lokādaraṇīyo bhavati tāsāṃ sarva-strīṣūttamatvam atiprasiddham eva

 

Viśvanātha


prātikṣaṇikānāṃ mṛtyūnāṃ madhye sarvaharaḥ sarva-smṛti-haro mṛtyur ahaṃ yad uktaṃ mṛtyur atyanta-vismṛtiḥ iti | bhaviṣyatāṃ bhāvināṃ prāṇi-vikārāṇāṃ madhye udbhavaḥ prathama-vikāro jagmāham | nārīṇāṃ madhye kīrtiḥ khyātiḥ | śrīḥ kāntiḥ vāk saṃsmṛtā vāṇīti tisras tathā smṛty-ādayaś catasraḥ ca-kārāt mūrtyādayaś cānyā dharma-patnyaś cāham

 

Baladeva


prātikṣaṇikānāṃ mṛtyūnāṃ madhye sarva-smṛti-haro mṛtyur aham | bhaviṣyatāṃ bhāvināṃ prāṇi-vikārāṇām udbhavo janmākhyaḥ prathama-vikāro ‚ham | nārīṇāṃ madhye kīrty-ādayaḥ sapta mad-vibhūtayaḥ | daivatā hy etāḥ | yāsām ābhāsenāpi narāḥ ślāghyā bhavanti | tatra kīrtir dhārmikatvādi-sādguṇya-khyātiḥ | śrīs tri-varga-sampat kāya-dyutir vā | vāk sarvārtha-vyañjakā saṃskṛta-bhāṣā | smṛtir anubhūtārtha-smaraṇa-śaktiḥ | medhā bahu-śāstrārthāvadhāraṇa-śaktiḥ | dhṛtiś cāpalya-prāptau tan-nivartana-śaktiḥ | kṣamā harṣe viṣāde ca prāpte nirvikāra-cittatā
 
 



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