BhG 10.12-13

syntax

arjunaḥ (Arjuna) uvāca (he spoke):
bhavān (You) param brahma (the supreme Brahman) param dhāma (the supreme abode) paramam pavitram (the supreme purity) [asi] (you are).
[ataḥ] (therefore) devarṣiḥ nāradaḥ (divine sage Narada) asitaḥ (Asita) devalaḥ (Devala) vyāsaḥ (Vyāsa) tathā sarve ṛṣayaḥ (as well as other sages) tvām (you) puruṣam (the Man) śāśvatam (eternal) divyam (divine) ādi-devam (primeval among the divinities) ajam (unborn) vibhum (powerful) āhuḥ (they declare).
svayam ca (and personally) tvam [tathā] (you in that manner) me (to me) bravīṣi (you speak).

grammar

arjunaḥ	–	arjuna 1n.1 m. – white, clear, Arjuna;
uvāca	–	√vac (to speak) Perf. P 1v.1 – he spoke;
param	–	para 1n.1 n. – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme, najwyższy, the best;
brahma	–	brahman 1n.1 n. – spirit, the Vedas (from: √bṛh – to increase);
param	–	para 1n.1 n. – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme, najwyższy, the best;
dhāma	–	dhāman 1n.1 n. – abode, house, state, majesty, splendour (from: √dhā – to put);
pavitram	–	pavitra 1n.1 n. – means of purification, purity (from: √pū – to purify);
paramam	–	parama 1n.1 n. –  supreme, the highest (superlative of: para – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme);
bhavān	–	bhavant 1n.1 m. – You (from: √bhū – to be, bha-vant – honorific form of address, looks like PPr of: √bhū, but differs in declension in: nominative singular; -mant / -vant – suffix denoting one who possesses);
puruṣam	–	puruṣa 2n.1 m. – person (from: √pur – to precede, to lead or √pṝ – to fill, to nourish, puru – abundance, pūru – people);
śāśvatam	–	śāśvata 2n.1 m. – eternal, permanent, constant;
divyam	–	divya 2n.1 m. – divine (from: √div – to shine, diva – heaven);
ādi-devam	–	ādi-deva 2n.1 m.; TP: devānām ādim iti – primeval among divinities (from: ādi – beginning, the first; √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity);
ajam	–	a-ja 2n.1 m. – unborn (from: √jan – to be born, ja – suffix: born);
vibhum	–	vi-bhu 2n.1 m. – powerful, wealthy, eminent, all-pervading (from: vi- – prefix: to divide, in different directions, outside; √bhū – to be);

*****

āhuḥ	–	√ah (to speak – inflected only in Perf., other forms from: √brū) Perf. P 1v.3 – they spoke, they declared;
tvām	–	yuṣmat sn. 2n.1 – you;
ṛṣayaḥ	–	ṛṣi 1n.3 m. – sages, seers;
sarve	–	sarva sn. 1n.3 m. – all;
deva-rṣiḥ	–	deva-rṣi 1n.1 m.; TP: devānām ṛṣir iti – sage among the divinities (from: √div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity; ṛṣi – sage, seer);
nāradaḥ	–	nāra-da 1n.1 m. – Narada (from: nṛ – man, mankind, nara – a man, a person, nāra – related to men, waters; da – suffix meaning giver);
tathā	–	av. – in that manner, so, in like manner;
asitaḥ	–	a-sita 1n.1 m. – Asita, not white, of dark colour (from: sita – white, shining);
devalaḥ	–	devala 1n.1 m. – Devala, attendent of a deity;
vyāsaḥ	–	vyāsa 1n.1 m. – Vyāsa, arranging (from: vi-√as – to divide, to dispose, to arrange);
svayam	–	av. – personally, on one’s own;
ca	–	av. – and;
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
bravīṣi	–	√brū (to speak) Praes. P 2v.1 – you speak;
me	–	asmat sn. 6n.1 – to me (shortened form of: mama);

textual variants

brahma and dhāma interchange;
me → māṃ (me);

Śāṃkara

yathoktāṃ bhagavato vibhūtiṃ yogaṃ ca śrutvārjuna uvāca—

paraṃ brahma paramātmā paraṃ dhāma paraṃ tejaḥ pavitraṃ pāvanaṃ paramaṃ prakṛṣṭaṃ bhavān | puruṣaṃ śāśvataṃ nityaṃ divyaṃ divi bhavam ādi-devaṃ sarva-devānām ādau bhavam ādi-devam ajaṃ vibhuṃ vibhavana-śīlam

īdṛśaṃ—

āhuḥ kathayanti tvām ṛṣayo vasiṣṭhādayaḥ sarve devarṣir nāradas tathā | asito devalo’pi evam evāha, vyāsaś ca, svayaṃ caiva tvaṃ ca bravīṣi me

Rāmānuja

evaṃ sakaletaravisajātīyaṃ bhagavadasādhāraṇaṃ śṛṇvatāṃ niratiśayānandajanakaṃ kalyāṇaguṇagaṇayogaṃ tadaiśvaryavitatiṃ ca śrutvā tadvistāraṃ śrotukāmo ‚rjuna uvāca

paraṃ brahma paraṃ dhāma paramaṃ pavitraṃ iti yaṃ śrutayo vadanti, sa hi bhavān / „yato vā imāni bhūtāni jāyante, yena jātāni jīvanti, yat prayanty abhisaṃviśanti, tad vijijñāsasva tad brahmeti”, „brahmavid āpnoti param”, „sa yo ha vai tat paramaṃ brahma veda brahmaiva bhavati” iti / tathā paraṃ dhāma; dhāmaśabdo jyotirvacanaḥ; paraṃ jyotiḥ „atha yad ataḥ paro divo jyotir dīpyate”, „paraṃ jyotir upasaṃpadya svena rūpeṇābhiniṣpadyate”, „taṃ devā jyotiṣāṃ jyotiḥ” iti / tathā ca paramaṃ pavitram paramaṃ pāvanam; smartur aśeṣakalmaṣāśleṣakaram, vināśakaraṃ ca / „yathā puṣkarapalāśa āpo na śliṣyante evam evaṃvidi pāpaṃ karma na śliṣyate”, „tad yatheṣīkātūlam agnau protaṃ pradūyetaivaṃ hāsya sarve pāpmānaḥ pradūyante”, „nārāyaṇa paraṃ brahma tattvaṃ nagarāyaṇaḥ paraḥ / nārāyaṇa paro jyotir ātmā nārāyaṇaḥ paraḥ” iti hi śrutayo vadanti

ṛṣayaś ca sarve parāvaratattvayāthātmyavidas tvām eva śāśvataṃ divyaṃ puruṣam ādidevam ajaṃ vibhum āhuḥ; tathaiva devarṣir nāradaḥ asitaḥ devalaḥ vyāsaś ca / „ye ca devavido vipro ye cādhyātmavido janāḥ / te vadanti mahātmānaṃ kṛṣṇaṃ dharmaṃ sanātanam // pavitāṇāṃ hi govindaḥ pavitraṃ param ucyate / puṇyānām api puṇyo ‚sau maṅgalānāṃ ca maṅgalam / trailokyaṃ puṇḍarīkākṣo devadevaḥ sanātanaḥ / āste harir acintyātmā tatraiva madhusūdanaḥ // „eṣa nārāyaṇaḥ śrīmān kṣīrārṇavaniketanaḥ / nāgaparyaṅkam utsṛjya hy āgato madhurāṃ purīm // „puṇyā dvāravatī tatra yatrāste madhusūdahaḥ / sākṣād devaḥ purāṇo ‚sau sa hi dharmas sanātanaḥ” / tathā, „yatra nārāyaṇo devaḥ paramātmā sanātanaḥ / tatra kṛtsnaṃ jagat pārtha tīrthāny āyatanāni ca // tat puṇyaṃ tat paraṃ brahma tat tīrthaṃ tat tapovanam / tatra devarṣayas siddhāḥ sarve caiva tapodhanāḥ // ādidevo mahāyogī yatrāste madhusūdanaḥ / puṇyānām api tat puṇyaṃ mā bhūt te saṃśayo ‚tra vai // „kṛṣṇa eva hi lokānām utpattir api cāpyayaḥ / kṛṣṇasya hi kṛte bhūtam idaṃ viśvaṃ carācaram // iti / tathā svayam eva bravīṣi ca, „bhūmir apo ‚nalo vāyuḥ khaṃ mano budhir eva ca / ahaṃkāra itīyaṃ me bhinnā prakṛtir aṣṭadhā // ityādinā, „ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavo mattas sarvaṃ pravartate” ityantena

Śrīdhara

saṃkṣepeṇoktāṃ vibhūtiṃ vistareṇa jijñāsuḥ bhagavantaṃ stuvann arjuna uvāca paraṃ brahmeti saptabhiḥ | paraṃ dhāma cāśrayaḥ | paramaṃ ca pavitraṃ ca bhavān eva | kuta iti ? ata āha yataḥ śāśvataṃ nityaṃ puruṣam | tathā divyaṃ dyotanātmakaṃ svayaṃ prakāśam | ādiś cāsau devaś ceti tam | devānām ādi-bhūtam ity arthaḥ | tathājam ajanmānam | vibhuṃ ca vyāpakam | tvām evāhuḥ | ke ta iti ? āha āhur iti | ṛṣayo bhṛgv-ādayaḥ sarve | devarṣiś ca nāradaḥ | asitaś ca devalaś ca vyāsaś ca svayaṃ tvam eva ca sākṣān me mahyaṃ bravīṣi

Madhusūdana

evaṃ bhagavato vibhūtiṃ yogaṃ ca śrutvā paramotkaṇṭhito ‚rjuna uvāca paraṃ brahmeti saptabhiḥ | paraṃ brahma paraṃ dhāma āśrayaḥ prakāśo vā | paramaṃ pavitraṃ pāvanaṃ ca bhavān eva | yataḥ puruṣam paramātmānaṃ śāśvataṃ sadaika-rūpaṃ divi parame vyomni sva-svarūpe bhavaṃ divyaṃ sva-prapañcātītam ādiṃ ca sarva-kāraṇaṃ devaṃ ca dyotanātmakaṃ sva-prakāśam ādi-devam ata evājaṃ vibhuṃ sarva-gataṃ tvām āhur iti sambandhaḥ

āhuḥ kathayanti tvām ananta-mahimānam ṛṣayas tattva-jñāna-niṣṭhāḥ sarve bhṛgu-vaśiṣṭhādayaḥ | tathā devarṣi-nārado ‚sito devalaś ca dhaumyasya jyeṣṭho bhrātā | vyāsaś ca bhagavān kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyanaḥ | ete ‚pi tvāṃ pūrvokta-viśeṣaṇaṃ me mahyam āhuḥ sākṣāt kim anyair vaktṛbhiḥ svayam eva tvaṃ ca mahyaṃ bravīṣi | atra ṛṣitve ‚pi sākṣād-vaktṝṇāṃ nāradādīnām ativiśiṣṭatvāt pṛthag-grahaṇam

Viśvanātha

saṅkṣepeṇoktam arthaṃ vistareṇa śrotum icchan stuti-pūrvakam āha param iti | paraṃ sarvotkṛṣṭaṃ dhāma śyāmasundaraṃ vapur eva paraṃ brahma | gṛha-dehatviṭ-prabhāvā dhāmāni ity amaraḥ | tad dhāmaiva bhavān bhavati | jīvasyeva tava deha-dehi-vibhāgo nāstīti bhāvaḥ | dhāma kīdṛśam ? paraṃ pavitraṃ draṣṭṝṇām avidyā-mālinya-haram ataeva ṛṣayo ‚pi tvāṃ śāśvataṃ puruṣam āhuḥ puruṣākārasyāsya nityatvaṃ vadanti

Baladeva

saṅkṣepeṇa śrutāṃ vibhūtiṃ vistareṇa śrotum icchann arjuna uvāca param iti | bhavān eva satyaṃ jñānam anantaṃ brahma iti śrūyamāṇaṃ paraṃ brahma | bhavān eva tasminn evāśritāḥ sarve tad u nātyeti kaścana iti śrūyamāṇaṃ paraṃ dhāma nikhilāśraya-bhūtaṃ vastu | bhavān eva paramaṃ pavitraṃ jñātvā devaṃ mucyate sarva-pāpaiḥ sarvaṃ pāpmānaṃ tarati nainaṃ pāpmā tarati ity ādi śrūyamāṇaṃ smartur akhila-pāpa-haraṃ vastu ity ahaṃ vedmi | tathā sarve tad-anukampitā ṛṣayas teṣu pradhāna-bhūtā nāradādayaś ca tasmāt kṛṣṇa eva paro devas taṃ dhyāyet taṃ raset taṃ bhajet taṃ yajet [GTU 1.48] iti | oṃ tat sat iti janma-jarābhyāṃ bhinnaḥ sthāṇur ayam acchedyo ‚yaṃ [GTU 2.22] iti śruty-artha-vidas tvāṃ divyaṃ puruṣam ādidevam ajaṃ vibhum āhus [Gītā 10.12] tat-kathā-saṃvādeṣu purāṇeṣv itihāseṣu ca svayaṃ ca vravīṣīti ajo ‚pi sann avyayātmā [Gītā 4.6] iti yo mām ajam anādiṃ ca [Gītā 10.3] iti ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavaḥ [Gītā 10.8] ity ādibhiḥ