BhG 14.6

tatra sattvaṃ nirmalatvāt prakāśakam anāmayam
sukha-saṅgena badhnāti jñāna-saṅgena cānagha

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syntax


he anagha (O sinless one!),
tatra [guṇeṣu madhye] (there among the guṇas) sattvam (sattva) nirmalatvāt (because of lack of impurities) prakāśakam (illuminating) anāmayam (free form disease) [asti] (it is).
[tat] (that) sukha-saṅgena (by attachment to happiness) jñāna-saṅgena ca (and by attachment to knowledge) [dehinam] (the embodied one) badhnāti (it binds).

 

grammar

tatra av.there (from: tat; indeclinable locative with an ending -tra);
sattvam sattva (as – to be, PPr sant – being, existing, true, the essence) abst. 1n.1 n.being, essence, wisdom, spirit, one of the three guṇas;
nirmalatvāt nir-mala-tva 5n.1 abst. n.because of lack of impurities (from: niḥ out of, away from, without; mala – impurity, dirt, filth);
prakāśakam prakāśaka 1n.1 n.manifesting, shining, illuminating (from: pra-kāś – to become visible, to shine);
anāmayam an-āmaya 1n.1 n.free form disease, faultless (āmaya – sickness);
sukha-saṅgena sukha-saṅga 3n.1 m.; TP: sukhena saṅgenetiby attachment to happiness (from: su – prefix: good, excellent, beautiful, virtuous; kha – cavity, hole, nave; su-kha – joy, happiness, literally: good hole in the nave [of a wheel through which an axis runs] that makes the moving smooth; or from: su-sthā; opposite to: duḥkha – pain, difficulty; sam-gam – come together or sañj – to attach, to stick, to embrace, saṅga – clinging, contact, relation, desire, attachment);
badhnāti bandh (to bind, to fetter) Praes. P 1v.1it binds;
jñāna-saṅgena jñāna-saṅga 3n.1 m.; TP: jñānena saṅgenetiby attachment to knowledge (from: jñā – to know, to understand, jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, intelligence; sam-gam – come together or sañj – to attach, to stick, to embrace, saṅga – clinging, contact, relation, desire, attachment);
ca av.and;
anagha an-agha 8n.1 m.O sinless one (from: agha – evil, sin, suffering);

 

textual variants


nirmalatvāt → nirmamatvāt (because of freedom from ‘my’-notion);
sukha-saṅgena badhnāti → sukha-duḥkhena badhnāti / sukha-saṅge nibadhnāti / (it binds with happiness and distress / it binds in attachment to happiness);
jñāna-saṅgena → jñāna-saṁghena / jñāna-saṁkhena (by contact with knowledge);
 
 



Śāṃkara


tatra sattvādīnāṃ sattvasyaiva tāval lakṣaṇam ucyate—
nirmalatvāt sphaṭika-maṇir iva prakāśakam anāmayaṃ nirupadravaṃ sattvaṃ tan nibadhnāti | kathaṃ ? sukha-saṅgena sukhy aham iti viṣaya-bhūtasya sukhasya viṣayiṇy ātmani saṃśleṣāpādanaṃ mṛṣaiva sukhe sañjanam iti | saiṣāvidyā | na hi viṣaya-dharmo viṣayiṇo bhavati | icchādi ca dhṛty-antaṃ kṣetrasyaiva viṣayasya dharmaḥ ity uktaṃ bhagavatā | ato’vidyayaiva svakīya-dharma-bhūtayā viṣaya-viṣayy-aviveka-lakṣaṇayāsvātma-bhūte sukhe saṃjayatīva, āsaktam iva karoti, asaṅgaṃ saktam iva karoti, asukhinaṃ sukhinam iva | tathā jñāna-saṅgena ca, jñānam iti sukha-sāhacaryāt kṣetrasyaiva viṣayasyāntaḥ-karaṇasya dharmaḥ, nātmanaḥ | ātma-dharmatve saṅgānupapatteḥ, bandhānupapatteś ca | sukha iva jñānādau saṅgo mantavyaḥ | he anagha avyasana
 

Rāmānuja


sattvarajastamasām ākāraṃ bandhanaprakāraṃ cāha
tatra sattvarajastamas tu sattvasya svarūpam īdṛśam nirmalatvāt prakāśakam; prakāśasukhāvaraṇasvabhāvarahitatā nirmalatvam; prakāśasukhajananaikāntasvabhāvatayā prakāśasukhahetubhūtam ityarthaḥ / prakāśaḥ vastuyāthātmyāvabodhaḥ / anāmayam āmayākhyaṃ kāryaṃ na vidyata ity anāmayam; arogatāhetur ityarthaḥ / eṣa sattvākhyo guṇo dehinam enaṃ sukhasaṅgena jñānasaṅgena ca badhnāti puruṣasya sukhasaṅgaṃ jñānasaṅgaṃ ca janayatītyarthaḥ/ jñānasukhayos saṅge hi jāte tatsādhaneṣu laukikavaidikeṣu pravartate; tataś ca tatphalānubhavasādhanabhūtāsu yoniṣu jāyata iti sattvaṃ sukhajñānasaṅgadvāreṇa puruṣaṃ badhnāti / jñānasukhajananaṃ punar api tayos saṅgajananaṃ ca sattvam ity uktaṃ bhavati
 

Śrīdhara


tatra sattvasya bandhakatva-prakāraṃ cāha tatreti | tatra teṣāṃ guṇānāṃ madhye sattvaṃ nirmalatvāt svacchatvāt sphaṭika-maṇir iva prakāśakaṃ bhāsvaram anāmayaṃ ca nirupadravam | śāntam ity arthaḥ | ataḥ śāntatvāt sva-kāryeṇa sukhena yaḥ saṅgas tena badhnāti | prakāśakatvāc ca svakāryeṇa jñānena yaḥ saṅgas tena ca badhnāti | he anagha niṣpāpa, ahaṃ sukhī jñānī ceti manodharmāṃs tad-abhimānini kṣetrajñe saṃyojayatīty arthaḥ
 

Madhusūdana


tatra ko guṇaḥ kena saṅgena badhnāti ? ity ucyate tatreti | tatra teṣu guṇeṣu madhye sattvaṃ prakāśakam caitanyasya tamo-guṇa-kṛtāvaraṇa-tirodhāyakaṃ
nirmalatvāt svacchatvāc cid-bimba-grahaṇa-yogyatvād iti yāvat | na kevalaṃ caitanyābhivyañjakaṃ kintu anāmayaṃ | āmayo duḥkhaṃ tad-virodhi sukhasyāpi vyañjakam ity arthaḥ | tad badhnāti sukha-saṅgena ca dehinaṃ ! he anagha avyasana ! sarvatra sambodhanānām abhiprāyaḥ prāg uktaḥ smartavyaḥ | atra sukha-jñāna-śabdābhyām antaḥ-karaṇa-pariṇāmau tad-vyañjakāv ucyete | icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ saṃghātaś cetanā dhṛtiḥ [Gītā 13.7] iti sukha-cetanayor apīcchādivat kṣetra-dharmatvena pāṭhāt | tatrāntaḥ-karaṇa-dharmasya sukhasya jñānasya cātmany adhyāsaḥ saṅgo ‚haṃ jāna iti ca | na hi viṣaya-dharmo viṣayiṇo bhavati | tasmād avidyā-mātram etad iti śataśa uktaṃ prāk
 

Viśvanātha


tatra sattvasya lakṣaṇaṃ bandhakatva-prakāraṃ cāha tatreti | anāmayaṃ nirupadravaṃ śāntam ity arthaḥ | | śāntatvāt svakāryeṇa sukhena yaḥ saṅgaḥ prakāśakatvāt svakāryeṇa jñānena ca yaḥ saṅgaḥ ahaṃ sukhī jñānī cety upādhi-dharmayor avidyayaiva jīvasyābhimānas tena taṃ badhnāti | he anagheti tvaṃ tu ahaṃ sukhī ahaṃ jñānīty abhimāna-lakṣaṇam aghaṃ mā svīkur iti bhāvaḥ
 

Baladeva


atha sattvādīnāṃ trayāṇāṃ lakṣaṇāni bandhakatva-prakārāṃś cāha tatreti tribhiḥ | tatra teṣu triṣu madhye prakāśakaṃ jñāna-vyañjakam anāmayam arogaṃ duḥkha-virodhi-sukha-vyañjakam iti yāvat | kutaḥ | nirmalatvāt svacchatvāt | tathā ca prakāśa-sukha-kāraṇaṃ sattvam iti | tac ca sattvaṃ sva-kārye jñāne sukhe ca yaḥ saṃyogo jñāny ahaṃ sukhy aham ity abhimānas tena puruṣaṃ nibadhnāti | jñānaṃ cedaṃ laukika-vastu -yāthātmya-viṣayaṃ sukhaṃ ca dehendriya-prasada-rūpaṃ bodhyam | tatra tatra saṅge sati tad-upāyeṣu karmasu pravṛttis tat-phalānubhavopāyeṣu deheṣūtpattiḥ | punaś ca tatra tatra saṅga iti na sattvād vimuktiḥ
 
 



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