BhG 8.5

anta-kāle ca mām eva smaran muktvā kalevaram
yaḥ prayāti sa mad-bhāvaṃ yāti nāsty atra saṃśayaḥ

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syntax


anta-kāle ca (and at the time of death) yaḥ (he who) mām eva (me only) smaran (remembering)
kalevaram (body) muktvā (after giving up) prayāti (he departs),
saḥ (he) mad-bhāvam (to my state) yāti (he goes).
atra (here) saṁśayaḥ (doubt) na asti (there is not).

 

grammar

anta-kāle anta-kāla 7n.1 m.; TP: antasya kāla itiat he end of time, at the time of death (from: anta – the end, limit, boundary, death; kal – to count, kāla – time);
ca av.and;
mām asmat sn. 2n.1me;
eva av.certainly, just, merely;
smaran smarant (smṛ to think, to remember) PPr 1n.1 m.[while] remembering;
muktvā muc (to liberate, to release) absol.after giving up, after releasing;
kalevaram kalevara 2n.1 m.body;
yaḥ yat sn. 1n.1 m.he who;
prayāti pra- (to go, to depart) Praes. P 1v.1he departs, he dies;
saḥ tat sn. 1n.1 m.he;
mad-bhāvam mad-bhāva 2n.1 m.to my state (from: mat – the basic form of a personal ponoun „I” singular used in compounds; bhū – to be, bhāva – state, existence, nature, emotions);
yāti (to go, to attain) Praes. P 1v.1he goes, he attains;
na av.not;
asti as (to be) Praes. P 1v.1there is;
atra av.here;
saṁśayaḥ saṁśaya 1n.1 m.doubt, hesitation (from: sam-śī – to waver);

 

textual variants


anta-kāle ca mām eva anta-kāle ‘pi mām eva / prayāṇakāle ‘pi ca māṃ (even at the time of death me only / and even at the time of death me – the last one the same as the third pada of verse BhG 7.30);
yaḥ → yā / yat / yaṁ (that which/ what / which);
yāti → yāṁti (they go);
 
 



Śāṃkara


anta-kāle maraṇa-kāle ca mām eva parameśvaraṃ viṣṇuṃ smaran muktvā parityajya kalevaraṃ śarīraṃ yaḥ prayāti gacchati | sa mad-bhāvaṃ vaiṣṇavaṃ tattvaṃ yāti | nāsti na vidyate’trāsminn arthe saṃśayaḥ—yāti vā na veti

 

Rāmānuja


idam api trayāṇāṃ sādhāraṇam / antakāle ca mām eva smaran kalevaraṃ tyaktvā yaḥ prayāti, sa madbhāvaṃ yāti mama yo bhāvaḥ svabhāvaḥ taṃ yāti; tadānīṃ yathā mām anusandhatte, tathāvidhākāro bhavatītyarthaḥ; yathā ādibharatādayas tadānīṃ smaryamāṇamṛgasajātīyākārāt saṃbhūtāḥ

 

Śrīdhara


prayāṇa-kāle ca jñāyo ‚sīty anena pṛṣṭam anta-kāle jñānopāyaṃ tat-phalaṃ ca darśayati anta-kāla iti | mām evokta-lakṣaṇam antaryāmi-rūpaṃ parameśvaraṃ smaran dehaṃ tyaktvā yaḥ prakarṣeṇārcir-ādi-mārgeṇottarāyaṇa-pathā yāti sa mad-bhāvaṃ mad-rūpatāṃ yāti | atra saṃśayo nāsti | smaraṇaṃ jñānopāyaḥ | mad-bhāvāpattiś ca phalam ity arthaḥ

 

Madhusūdana


idānīṃ prayāṇa-kāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo ‚sīti saptamasya praśnasyottaram āha anta-kāle ceti | mām eva bhagavantaṃ vāsudevam adhiyajñaṃ sa-guṇaṃ nirguṇaṃ vā paramam akṣaraṃ brahma na tv adhyātmādikaṃ smaran sadā cintayaṃs tat-saṃskāra-pāṭavāt samasta-karaṇa-grāma-vaiyagryavaty anta-kāle ‚pi smaran kalevaraṃ muktvā śarīre ‚haṃ-mamābhimānaṃ tyaktvā prāṇa-viyoga-kāle yaḥ prayāti sa-guṇa-dhyāna-pakṣe ‚gnijyotir-ahaḥ-śukla ity ādi-vacyamāṇena deva-yāna-mārgeṇa pitṛ-yāna-mārgāt prakarṣeṇa yāti sa upāsako mad-bhāvaṃ mad-rūpatāṃ nirguṇa-brahma-bhāvaṃ hiraṇya-garbha-loka-bhogānte yāti prāpnoti | nirguṇa-brahma-smaraṇa-pakṣe tu kalevaraṃ tyaktvā prayātīti loka-dṛṣṭy-abhiprāyaṃ na tasya prāṇā utkrāmanty atraiva samavanīyante iti śrutes tasya prāṇotkramaṇābhāvena gaty-abhāvāt | sa mad-bhāvaṃ sākṣād eva yāti brahmaiva san brahmāpy eti (BAU 4.4.6) iti śruteḥ | nāsty atra deha-vyatirikta ātmani mad-bhāva-prāptau vā saṃśayaḥ | ātmā dehādy-atirikto na vā, deha-vyatireke ‚pi īśvarād bhinno na veti sandeho na vidyate chidyante sarva-saṃśayāḥ (MuṇḍU 2.2.8) iti śruteḥ | atra ca kalevaraṃ muktvā prayātīti dehād bhinnatvaṃ mad-bhāvaṃ yātīti ceśvarād abhinnatvaṃ jīvasyoktam iti draṣṭavyam

 

Viśvanātha


prayāṇa-kāle kathaṃ jñeyo ‚sīty asyottaram āha-anta-kāle ceti | mām eva smarann iti mat-smaraṇam eva maj-jñānam | na tu ghaṭa-paṭādir ivāhaṃ kenāpi tattvato jñātuṃ śakya iti bhāvaḥ | smaraṇa-rūpa-jñānasya prakāras tu caturdaśa-śloke vakṣyate

 

Baladeva


prayāṇa-kāle kathaṃ jñeyo ‚sīty asyottaram āha-anteti | atra smaraṇātmakena jñānena jñeyo bhavan-mad-bhāvopalambhanaṃ ca tat phalaṃ prayacchāmīty uktam | tatra mad-bhāvaṃ mat-svabhāvam ity arthaḥ | yathāham apahata-pāpmatvādi-guṇāṣṭaka-viśiṣṭa-svabhāvas tādṛśaḥ sa mat-smartā bhavatīti

 
 



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