BhG 6.44

syntax

tena hi (indeed by that) pūrvābhyāsena eva (just by previous practice) avaśaḥ api (although unwillingly) saḥ (he) hriyate (is carried).
yogasya (of yoga) jijñāsuḥ api (although desiring to know) śabda-brahma (brahman in the form of a sound) ativartate (he surpasses).

grammar

pūrvābhyāsena	–	pūrvābhyāsa 3n.1 m.; KD: pūvo ‘bhyāsa iti – by previous practice (from: pūrva – previous, ancient; abhi-√as – to repeat, to study, abhy-āsa – repetition, practice, discipline);
tena	–	tat sn. 3n.1 m. – by that;
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
hriyate	–	√hṛ (to carry, to remove) Praes. pass. 1v.1 – he is carried;
hi	–	av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
avaśaḥ	–	avaśa 1n.1 m. – unwillingly, not under control (from: √vaś – to desire, to subjugate, to command, vaśa – wish, power, control, dominion);
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
saḥ	–	tat sn. 1n.1 m. – he;
jijñāsuḥ	–	jijñāsu (√jñā – to know, to understand) des. 1n.1 m.; jñātum icchantaḥ – desiring to know;
api	–	av. – although, moreover, besides, even;
yogasya	–	yoga 6n.1 m. – of yoga, yoking, application, a means, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy (from:√yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage);
śabda-brahma	–	śabda-brahma 2n.1 m. – brahman in the form of a sound (KD: brahma cādaḥ śabdaś ca – it is brahman and it is a sound; from: śabda – sound; √bṛh – to increase, brahman – spirit, the Vedas);
ativartate	–	pra-√vṛt (to start to act, to surpass) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – he surpasses;

textual variants

hriyate → hrīyate / kriyate (is carried away / is done);
hy avaśo → ‘py avaśo (although unwillingly);
saḥ → san (being);
yogasya → lokasya (world [desiring to know]);
śabda-brahmātivartate → śabda-brahmāpi vartate / śabda-brahmādi vartate / śabda-brahmā nivartate (he even suprasses brahman in the form of a sound / hesuprasses brahman in the form of a sound and others / he stops brahman in the form of a sound);

Śāṃkara

kathaṃ pūrva-deha-buddhi-saṃyogeti tad ucyate—

yaḥ pūrva-janmani kṛto’bhyāsaḥ sa pūrvābhyāsaḥ, tenaiva balavatā hriyate saṃsiddhau hi yasmād avaśo’pi sa yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ | na kṛtaṃ ced yogābhyāsajāt saṃskārāt balavattaram adharmādi-lakṣaṇaṃ karma, tadā yogābhyāsa-janitena saṃskāreṇa hriyate | adharmaś cet balavattaraḥ kṛtaḥ, tena yogajo’pi saṃskāro’bhibhūyata eva, tat-kṣaye tu yogajaḥ saṃskāraḥ svayam eva kāryam ārabhate, na dīrgha-kālasthasyāpi vināśas tasyāstīty arthaḥ | ato jijñāsur api yogasya svarūpaṃ jñātum icchann api yoga-mārge pravṛttaḥ saṃnyāsī yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ, sāmarthyāt so’pi śabda-brahma vedokta-karmānuṣṭhāna-phalam ativartate’tikrāmaty apākariṣyati | kim uta buddhvā yo yogaṃ tan-niṣṭho’bhyāsaṃ kuryāt

Rāmānuja

apravṛttayogo yoge jijñāsur api tataś calitamānasaḥ punar api tām eva jijñāsāṃ prāpya karmayogādikaṃ yogam anuṣṭhāya śabdabrahmātivartate / śabdabrahma devamanuṣyapṛthivyantarikṣasvargādiśabdābhilāpayogyaṃ brahma prakṛtiḥ / prakṛtibandhād vimukto devamanuṣyādiśabdābhilāpānarhaṃ jñānānandaikatānam ātmānaṃ prāpnotītyarthaḥ

Śrīdhara

tatra hetuḥ pūrveti | tenaiva pūrva-deha-kṛtābhyāsenāvaśo ‚pi kutaścid ambharāyād anicchann api saṃhriyate viṣayebhyaḥ purāvṛtya brahma-niṣṭhaḥ kriyate | tad evaṃ pūrvābhyāsa-balena prayatnaṃ kurvan śanair mucyata itīmam arthaṃ kaimutya-nyāyena sphuṭayati jijñāsur iti sārdhena | yogasya svarūpaṃ jijñāsur eva kevalaṃ na tu prāpta-yogaḥ | evambhūto yoge praviṣṭa-mātro ‚pi pāpa-vaśād yoga-bhraṣṭo ‚pi śabda-brahma vedam ativartate | vedokta-karma-phalāny atikrāmati | tebhyo ‚dhikaṃ phalaṃ prāpya mucyata ity arthaḥ

Madhusūdana

nanu yo brahma-vidāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ sarva-pramāda-kāraṇa-śūnye kule samutpannas tasya madhye viṣaya-bhoga-vyavadhānābhāvād avyavahita-prāg-bhavīya-saṃskārodbodhāt punar api sarva-karma-saṃnyāsa-pūrvako jñāna-sādhana-lābho bhavatu nāma | yas tu śrīmatāṃ mahārāja-cakravartināṃ kule bahuvidha-viṣaya-bhoga-vyavadhānenotpannas tasya viṣaya-bhoga-vāsanā-prābalyāt pramāda-kāraṇa-sambhavāc ca katham ativyavahita-jñāna-saṃskārodbodhaḥ kṣatriyatvena sarva-karma-saṃnyāsānarhasya kathaṃ vā jñāna-sādhana-lābha iti | tathocyate pūrvābhyāseneti | aticira-vyavahita-janmopacitenāpi tenaiva pūrvābhyāsena prāg-arjita-jñāna-saṃskāreṇāvaśo ‚pi mokṣa-sādhanāyāprayatamāno ‚pi hriyate svavaśīkriyate | akasmād eva bhoga-vāsanābhyo vyutthāpya mokṣa-sādhanonmukhaḥ kriyate, jñāna-vāsanāyā evālpa-kālābhyastāyā api vastu-viṣayatvenāvastu-viṣayābhyo bhoga-vāsanābhyaḥ prābalyāt | paśya yathā tvam eva yuddhe pravṛtto jñānāyāpratayamāno ‚pi pūrva-saṃskāra-prābalyād akasmād eva raṇa-bhūmau jñānonmukho ‚bhūr iti | ataeva prāg uktaṃ nehābhikrama-nāśo ‚sti [Gītā 2.40] iti | aneka-janma-sahasra-vyavahito ‚pi jñāna-saṃskāraḥ sva-kāryaṃ karoty eva sarva-virodhy-upamardenety abhiprāyaḥ |

sarva-karma-saṃnyāsābhāve ‚pi hi kṣatriyasya jñānādhikāraḥ sthita eva | yathā pāṭac-careṇa bahūnāṃ rakṣiṇāṃ madhye vidyamānam api aśvādi-dravyaṃ svayam anicchad api tān sarvān abhibhūya sva-sāmarthya-viśeṣād evāpahriyate | paścāt tu kadāpahṛtam iti vimarśo bhavati | evaṃ bahūnāṃ jñāna-pratibandhakānāṃ madhye vidyamāno ‚pi yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ svayam anicchann api jñāna-saṃskāreṇa balavatā svasāmarthaya-viśeṣād eva sarvān pratibandhakān abhibhūyātma-vaśī kriyata iti hṛñaḥ prayogena sūcitam | ataeva saṃskāra-prābalyāj jijñāsur jñātum icchur api yogasya mokṣa-sādhana-jñānasya viṣayaṃ brahma, prathama-bhūmikāyāṃ sthitaḥ saṃnyāsīti yāvat | so ‚pi tasyām eva bhūmikāyāṃ mṛto ‚ntarāle bahūn viṣayān bhuktvā mahārāja-cakravartināṃ kule samutpanno ‚pi yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ prāg-upacita-jñāna-saṃskāra-prābalyāt tasmin janmani śabda-brahma vedaṃ karma-pratipādakam ativartate ‚tikramya tiṣṭhati karmādhikārātikrameṇa jñānādhikārī bhavatīty arthaḥ | etenāpi jñāna-karma-samuccayo nirākṛta iti draṣṭavyam | samuccaye hi jñānino ‚pi karma-kāṇḍātikramābhāvāt

Viśvanātha

hriyata ākṛṣyate | yogasya yogaṃ jijñāsur api bhavati | ataḥ śabda-brahma veda-śāstram ativartate vedokta-karma-mārgam atikramya vartate | kintu yoga-mārga eva tiṣṭhatīty arthaḥ

Baladeva

tatra hetuḥ | tenaiva yoga-viṣayakeṇa pūrvābhyāsena sa yogī hriyate ākṛṣyate avaśo ‚pi kenacid vighnenānicchann apīty arthaḥ | hīti prasiddho ‚yaṃ yoga-mahimā | yogasya jijñāsur api tu yogam abhyasituṃ pravṛttaḥ śabda-brahma sa-kāma-karma-nirūpakaṃ vedam ativartate | taṃ na śabda-ghātīty arthaḥ