BhG 6.40

syntax

śrī-bhagavān (the glorious Lord) uvāca (he spoke):
he pārtha (O son of Pṛthā!), he tāta (O darling),
na eva iha (indeed not here) na amutra (not in the other world) tasya [yoga-bhraṣṭasya] (of one fallen from yoga) vināśaḥ (destruction) na vidyate (there is not).
kaś-cit (no one) kalyāṇa-kṛt (who does good) durgatim (to misfortune) na hi gacchati (indeed he does no go).

grammar

śrī-bhagavān	–	śrī-bhagavant 1n.1 m.; TP: śriyā yukto bhagavān iti – the Lord united with majesty (from: śrī – lustre, majesty, fortune; √bhaj – to share, to love, to rejoice, to worship, bhaga – a share, good fortune, opulence; -mant / -vant – suffix denoting one who possesses, bhagavant – who possesses opulence);
uvāca	–	√vac (to speak) Perf. P 1v.1 – he spoke;
pārtha	–	pārtha 8n.1 m. – O son of Pṛthā (from: √pṛth – to extend, pṛthā – Kuntī, mother of the sons of Pāṇḍu);
na	–	av. – not;
eva	–	av. – certainly, just, merely;
iha	–	av. – here (often meaning: in this world);
na	–	av. – not;
amutra	–	av. – there, in the other world, in next life (from: adas – that far away, not in the eyes’ reach; indeclinable locative with an ending -tra);
vināśaḥ	–	vināśa 1n.1 m. – destruction (from: vi-√naś – to destroy, to vanish);
tasya	–	tat sn. 6n.1 m. – his;
vidyate	–	√vid (to be, to exist) Praes. Ā 1v.1 – there is;
na	–	av. – not;
hi	–	av. – because, just, indeed, surely;
kalyāṇa-kṛt	–	kalyāṇa-kṛt 1n.1 m.; yaḥ kalyāṇaṁ karoti saḥ – one who does good (from: kalyāṇa – beauty, good, prosperity; √kṛ – to do; -kṛt – suffix indicates a doer);
kaś-cit	–	kim-cit sn. 1n.1 m. – whichever (from: kim – what?; -cit – indefinitive particle);
durgatim	–	dur-gati 2n.1 f. – misfortune, distress, poverty, hell (from: dur / dus – prefix: difficult, bad, hard; √gam – to go, gati – moving, passage, means, refuge, goal);
tāta	–	tāta 8n.1 m. – darling (a term of affection);
gacchati	–	√gam (to go, to obtain) Praes. P 1v.1 – he obtains, he goes;

textual variants

tāta → jātu (always);

Śāṃkara

he pārtha naiva iha loke nāmutra parasmin vā loke vināśas tasya vidyate nāsti | nāśo nāma pūrvasmāt hīnajanmaprāptiḥ sa yogabhraṣṭasya nāsti | na hi yasmāt kalyāṇakṛt śubhakṛt kaścit durgatiṃ kutsitāṃ gatiṃ he tāta, tanoti ātmānaṃ putrarūpeṇeti pitā tāta ucyate | pitaiva putreti putro’pi tāta ucyate | śiṣyo’pi putra ucyate | yato na gacchati

Rāmānuja

śraddhayā yoge prakrāntasya tasmāt pracyutasyeha cāmutra ca vināśo na vidyate prākṛtasvargādibhogānubhave brahmānubhave cābhilaṣitān avāptirūpaḥ pratyavāyākhyāniṣṭāvāptirūpaś ca vināśo na vidyata ityarthaḥ / na hi niratiśayakalyāṇarūpayogakṛt kaścit kālatraye ‚pi durgatiṃ gacchati

Śrīdhara

tatrottaraṃ śrī-bhagavān uvāca pārtheti sārdhaiś caturbhiḥ | iha-loke nāśa ubhaya-bhraṣṭāt pātityam | amutra para-loke nāśo naraka-prāptiḥ | tad ubhayaṃ tasya nāsty eva | yataḥ kalyāṇa-kṛc cubha-kārī kaścid api durgatiṃ na gacchati | ayaṃ ca śubhakārī śraddayā yoge pravṛttatvāt | tāteti loka-rītyopalālayan sambodhayati

Madhusūdana

evam arjunasya yoginaṃ prati nāśāśaṅkāṃ pariharann uttaraṃ śrī-bhagavān uvāca pārtheti | ubhaya-vibhraṣṭo yogī naśyatīti ko ‚rthaḥ | kim iha loke śiṣṭa-garhaṇīyo bhavati veda-vihita-karma-tyāgāt | yathā kaścid ucchṛṅkhalaḥ | kiṃ vā paratra nikṛṣṭāṃ gatiṃ prāpnoti | yathoktaṃ śrutyā – athaitayoḥ pathor na katareṇacana te kīṭāḥ pataṅgā yadi dandaśūkam iti | tathā coktaṃ manunā — vāntāśy ulkā-mukhaḥ preto vipro dharmāt svakāc cyutaḥ [Manu 12.71] ity ādi | tad ubhayam api nety āha he pārtha pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśas tasya yathā-śāstraṃ kṛta-sarva-karma-saṃnyāsasya sarvato viraktasya gurum upasṛtya vedānta-śravaṇādi kurvato ‚ntarāle mṛtasya yoga-bhraṣṭasya vidyate |

ubhayatrāpi tasya vināśo nāstīty atra hetum āha hi yasmāt kalyāṇa-kṛc chāstra-vihita-kārī kaścid api durgatim ihākīrtiṃ paratra ca kīṭādi-rūpatāṃ na gacchati | ayaṃ tu sarvotkṛṣṭa eva san durgatiṃ na gacchatīti kim u vaktavyam ity arthaḥ | tanoty ātmānaṃ putra-rūpeṇeti pitā tata ucyate | svārthike ‚ṇi tata eva tāto rākṣasa-vāyasādivat | pitaiva ca putra-rūpeṇa bhajatīti putra-sthānīyasya śiṣyasya tāteti sambodhanaṃ kṛpātiśaya-sūcanārtham | yad uktaṃ yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ kaṣṭāṃ gatiṃ gacchati ajñatve sati deva-yāna-pitṛ-yāna-mārgānyatarāsambandhitvāt svadharma-bhraṣṭavad iti | tad ayuktam | etasya devayāna-mārga-sambandhitvena hetor asiddhatvāt | pañcāgni-vidyāyāṃ ya itthaṃ vidur ye cāmī araṇye śraddhāṃ satyam upāsate te ‚rcir abhisambhavantīty aviśeṣeṇa pañcāgni-vidām ivātaskratūnāṃ śraddhā-satyavatāṃ mumukṣūṇām api deva-yāna-mārgeṇa brahma-loka-prāpti-kathanāt | śravaṇādi-parāyaṇasya ca yoga-bhraṣṭasya śraddhānvito bhūtvety anena śraddhāyāḥ prāptatvāt | śānto dānta ity anena cānṛta-bhāṣaṇa-rūpa-vāg-vyāpāra-nirodha-rūpasya satyasya labdhatvāt | bahir indiryāṇām ucchṛṅkhala-vyāpāra-nirodho hi damaḥ | yoga-śāstre ca ahiṃsā-satyāsteya-brahmacaryāparigrahā yamāḥ [YogaS 2.30] iti yogāṅga-svenoktatvāt | yadi tu satya-śabdena brahmaivocyate tadāpi na kṣatiḥ | vedānta-śravaṇāder api satya-brahma-cintana-rūpatvāt | atat-kratutve ‚pi ca pañcāgni-vidām iva brahma-loka-prāpti-sambhavāt | tathā ca smṛtiḥ saṃnyāsād brahmaṇaḥ sthānam iti | tathā prātyahika-vedānta-vākya-vicārasyāpi brahma-loka-prāpti-sādhanatvāt samuditānāṃ teṣāṃ tat-sādhanatvaṃ kiṃ citram | ataeva sarva-sukṛta-rūpatvaṃ yogi-caritasya taittirīyā āmananti tasyaivaṃ viduṣo yajñasya ity ādinā | smaryate ca –
snātaṃ tena samasta-tīrtha-salile sarvā ‚pi dattāvanir
yajñānāṃ ca kṛtaṃ sahasram akhilā devāś ca sampūjitāḥ |
saṃsārāc ca samuddhṛtāḥ sva-pitaras trailokya-pūjyo ‚py asau
yasya brahma-vicāraṇe kṣaṇam api sthairyaṃ manaḥ prāpnuyāt || iti

Viśvanātha

iha loke amutra para-loke ‚pi kalyāṇaṃ kalyāṇa-prāpakaṃ yogaṃ karotīti saḥ

Baladeva

evaṃ pṛṣṭo bhagavān uvāca pārtheti | tasyokta-lakṣaṇasya yogina iha prākṛtike loke ‚mutrāprākṛtike ca loke vināśaḥ svargādi-sukha-vibhraṃśa-lakṣaṇaḥ paramātmāvalokana-vibhraṃśa-lakṣaṇaś ca na vidyate na bhavati | kiṃ cottaratra tat-prāptir bhaved eve | hi yataḥ | kalyāṇa-kṛt niḥśreyasopāya-bhūta-sad-dharma-yogārambhī durgatiṃ tad-ubhayābhāva-rūpāṃ daridratāṃ na gacchati | he tātety ativātsalyāt saṃbodhanam | tenātyātmānaṃ putra-rūpeṇa iti vyutpattes | tataḥ pitā svārthike ‚ṇi | tata eva tātaḥ putraṃ śiṣyaṃ cātikṛpayā jyeṣṭas tathā sambodhayati