BhG 6.15

syntax

evam sadā (thus always) ātmānam (self) yuñjan (engaging) niyata-mānasaḥ (who restrained the mind) yogī (a yogī) nirvāṇa-paramām (the highest extinction) mat-saṁsthām (my residence) śāntim (tranquility) adhigacchati (he obtains).

grammar

yuñjan	–	yuñjant (√yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage) PPr 1n.1 – [while] engaging;
evam	–	av. – thus;
sadā	–	av. – always;
ātmānam	–	ātman 2n.1 m. – self;
yogī	–	yogin 1n.1 m. – a yogī, engaged (√yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage, yoga – yoga, yoking, application, a means, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy);
niyata-mānasaḥ	–	niyata-mānasa 1n.1 m.; BV: yasya mānasaṁ niyatam asti saḥ – who restrained the functions of the mind (from: ni-√yam – to hold back, PP niyata – held back; √man – to think, manas – the mind, mānasa – pertaining to the mind);
śāntim	–	śānti 2n.1 f. – tranquility, peace, satisfaction, end, death (from: √śam – to calm, to put to an end, to destroy);
nirvāṇa-paramām	–	nirvāṇa-paramā 2n.1 f.; BV: yasyāṁ nirvāṇaṁ paramam asti sā – in which the extinction is the highest (from: nir-√vā – to blow out, to extinguish, to soothe, nir-vāṇa – extinction, perfect calm, death, final liberation; para – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme, parama –  supreme, the highest);
mat-saṁsthām	–	mat-saṁsthā 2n.1 f.; TP: mama saṁsthām iti – my residence (from: mat – the basic form of a personal ponoun „I” singular used in compounds; sam-√sthā – to stand together, to meet, to prosper, saṁsthā – shape, property, nature, death);
adhigacchati	–	adhi-√gam (to cross over, to obtain) Praes. P 1v.1 – he obtains;

textual variants

yuñjann evaṁ → evaṁ yuñjan / yuñjann eva (thus engaging / only engaging);
yogī niyata-mānasaḥ → mad-bhakto ‘nanya-mānasaḥ (my devotee with a concentrated mind);

Śāṃkara

athedānīṃ yoga-phalam ucyate—

yujan samādhānāṃ kurvann evaṃ yathoktena vidhānena sadātmanāṃ sarvadā yogī niyata-mānaso niyataṃ saṃyataṃ mānasaṃ mano yasya so’yaṃ niyata-mānasaḥ, śāntim uparatiṃ nirvāṇa-paramāṃ nirvāṇaṃ mokṣas tat paramā niṣṭhā yasyāḥ śānteḥ sā nirvāṇa-paramā tāṃ nirvāṇa-paramām. mat-saṃsthāṃ mad-adhīnām adhigacchati prāpnoti

Rāmānuja

evaṃ mayi parasmin brahmaṇi puruṣottame manasaś śubhāśraye sadā ātmānaṃ manaḥ yuñjan niyatamānasaḥ matsparśavitrīkṛtamānasatayā niścalamānasaḥ, mām eva cintayan matsaṃsthāṃ nirvāṇaparamāṃ śāntim adhigacchati nirvāṇakāṣṭhārūpāṃ matsaṃsthāṃ mayi saṃsthitāṃ śāntim adhigacchati

Śrīdhara

yogābhyāsa-phalam āha yuñjann evam iti | evam ukta-prakāreṇa sadātmānaṃ mano yuñjan samāhitaṃ kurvan | niyataṃ niruddhaṃ mānasaṃ cittaṃ yasya saḥ | śāntiṃ saṃsāroparamaṃ prāpnoti | kathambhūtam ? nirvāṇaṃ paramaṃ prāpyaṃ yasyāṃ tām | mat-saṃsthāṃ mad-rūpeṇāvasthitām

Madhusūdana

evaṃ saṃprajñāta-samādhināsīnasya kiṃ syād ity ucyate yuñjann iti | evaṃ raho ‚vasthānādi-pūrvokta-niyamenātmānaṃ mano yuñjann abhyāsa-vairāgyābhyāṃ samāhitaṃ kurvan yogī sadā yogābhyāsa-paro ‚bhāysātiśayena niyataṃ niruddhaṃ mānasaṃ mano yena niyatā niruddhā mānasā mano-vṛtti-rūpā vikārā yeneti vā niyata-mānasaḥ san, śāntiṃ sarva-vṛtty-uparati-rūpāṃ praśāntavāhitāṃ nirvāṇa-paramāṃ tattva-sākṣātkārotpatti-dvāreṇa sakāryāvidyān-nivṛtti-rūpa-mukti-paryavasāyinīṃ mat-saṃsthāṃ mat-svarūpa-paramānanda-rūpāṃ niṣṭhām adhigacchati, na tu sāṃsārikāṇy aiśvaryāṇi anātma-viṣaya-samādhi-phalāny adhigacchati, teṣām apavargopayogi-samādhy-upasargatvāt |

tathā ca tat-tat-samādhi-phalāny uktvāha bhagavān patañjaliḥ — te samādhāv upasargā vyutthāne siddhayaḥ [YogaS 3.37] iti, sthāny-upanimantraṇe saṅga-smayākaraṇaṃ punaḥ aniṣṭa-prasaṅgāt [YogaS 3.51] iti ca | sthānino devāḥ | tathā coddālako devair āmantrito ‚pi tatra saṅgam ādaraṃ smayaṃ garvaṃ cākṛtvā devān avajñāya punar aniṣṭa-prasaṅga-nivāraṇāya nirvikalpakam eva samādhim akarod iti vasiṣṭhenopākhyāyate |

mumukṣubhir heyaś ca samādhiḥ sūtritaḥ patañjalinā — vitarka-vicārānandāsmitā-rūpānugamāt saṃprajñātaḥ [YogaS 1.17] | samyak saṃśaya-viparyayānadhyavasāya-rahitatvena prajñāyate prakarṣeṇa viśeṣa-rūpeṇa jñāyate bhāvyasya rūpaṃ yena sa samprajñātaḥ samādhir bhāvanā-viśeṣaḥ | bhāvanā hi bhāvyasya viṣayāntara-parihāreṇa cetasi punaḥ punar niveśanam | bhāvyaṃ ca trividhaṃ grāhya-grahaṇa-grahītṛ-bhedāt | grāhyam api dvividhaṃ sthūla-sūkṣma-bhedāt | tad uktaṃ — kṣīṇa-vṛtter abhijātasyeva maṇer grahītṛ-grahaṇa-grāhyeṣu tat-stha-tad-añjanatā-samāpattiḥ [YogaS 1.41] | kṣīṇā rājasa-tāmasa-vṛttayo yasya tasya cittasya grahītṛ-grahaṇa-grāhyeṣv ātmendriya-viṣayeṣu tat-sthatā tatraivaikāgratā | tad-añjanatā tan-mayatā nyag-bhūte citte bhāvyamānasya evotkarṣaṃ iti yāvat | tathā-vidhā-samāpattis tad-rūpaḥ pariṇāmo bhavati | yathābhijātasya nirmalasya sphaṭika-maṇes tat-tad-upāśraya-vaśāt tat-tad-rūpāpattir evaṃ nirmalasya cittasya tat-tad-bhāvanīya-vastūparāgāt tat-tad-rūpāpattiḥ samāpattiḥ samādhir iti ca paryāyaḥ | yadyapi garhītṛ-grahaṇa-grāhyeṣv ity uktaṃ tathāpi bhūmikā-krama-vaśād grāhya-grahaṇa-grahītṛṣv iti boddhavyam | yataḥ prathamaṃ grāhya-niṣṭha eva samādhir bhavati tato grahaṇa-niṣṭhas tato grahītṛ-niṣṭha iti | grahītrādi-kramo ‚py agre vyākhyāsyate |

tatra yadā sthūlaṃ mahā-bhūtendriyātmaka-ṣoḍaśa-vikāra-rūpaṃ viṣayam ādāya pūrvāparānusandhānena śabdārthollekhena ca bhāvanā kriyate tadā sa-vitarkaḥ samādhiḥ | asminn evālambate pūrvāparānusandhāna-śabdārthollekha-śūnyatvena yadā bhāvanā pravartate tadā nirvitarkaḥ | etāv ubhāv apy atra vitarka-śabdenoktau | tan-mātrāntaḥ-karaṇa-lakṣaṇaṃ sūkṣmaṃ viṣayam ālambya tasya | deśa-kāla-dharmāvacchedena yadā bhāvanā pravartate tadā sa-vicāraḥ | asminn evālambane deśa-kāla-dharmāvacchedaṃ vinā dharmi-mātrāvabhāsitvena yadā bhāvanā pravartate tadā nirvicāraḥ | etāv uabhāv apy atra vicāra-śabdenoktau | tathā ca bhāṣyaṃ vitarkaś cittasya sthūla ālambana ābhogaḥ sūkṣme vicāra iti | iyaṃ grāhya-samāpattir iti vyapadiśyate | yadā rajas-tamo-leśānubiddham antaḥ-karaṇa-sattvaṃ bhāvyate tadā guṇa-bhāvāc cic-chakteḥ sukha-prakāśamayasya sattvasya bhāvayamānasyodrekātmānanadaḥ samādhir bhavati | asminn eva samādhau ye baddha-dhṛtayas tattvāntaraṃ pradhāna-puruṣa-rūpaṃ na paśyanti te vigata-dehāhaṅkāratvād videha-śabdenocyate | iyaṃ grahaṇa-sampattiḥ | tataḥ paraṃ rajas-tamo-leśānabhibhūtaṃ śuddhaṃ sattvam ālambanīkṛtya yā bhāvanā pravartate tasyāṃ grāhyasya sattvasya nyag-bhāvāc citi-śakter udrekāt sattā-mātrāvaśeṣatvena samādhiḥ sāsmita ity ucyate | na cāhaṅkārāsmitayor abhedaḥ śaṅkanīyaḥ | yato yatrāntaḥkaraṇam ahim ity ullekhena viṣayān vedayate so ‚haṅkāraḥ | yatra tv antarmukhatayā pratiloma-pariṇāmena prakṛti-līne cetasi sattā-mātram avabhāti so ‚smitā | asminn eva samādhau ye kṛta-paritoṣās te paraṃ puruṣam apaśyantaś cetasaḥ prakṛtau līnatvāt prakṛti-layā ity ucyante | seyaṃ grahītṛ-samāpattir asmitā-mātra-rūpa-grahītṛ-niṣṭhatvāt | ye tu paraṃ puruṣaṃ vivicya bhāvanāyāṃ pravartante teṣām api kevala-puruṣa-viṣayā viveka-khyātir grahītṛ-samāpattir api na sāsmitaḥ samādhir vivekenāsmitāyās tyāgāt |

tatra grahītṛ-bhāna-pūrvakam eva grahaṇa-bhānaṃ tat-pūrvakaṃ ca sūkṣma-grāhya-bhānaṃ tat-pūrvakaṃ ca sthūla-grāhya-bhānam iti sthūla-viṣayo dvi-vidho ‚pi vitarkaś catuṣṭayānugataḥ | dvitīyo vitarka-vikalas tritayānugataḥ | tṛtīyo vitarka-vicārābhyāṃ vikalo dvitayānugataḥ | caturtho vitarka-vicārānandair vikalo ‚smitā-mātra iti caturavastho ‚yaṃ samprajñāta iti | evaṃ sa-vitarkaḥ sa-vicāraḥ sānandaḥ sāsmitaś ca samādhir antardhānādi-siddhi-hetutayā mukti-hetu-samādhi-virodhitvād dheya eva mumukṣubhiḥ | grahītṛ-grahaṇayor api citta-vṛtti-viṣayatā-daśāyāṃ grāhya-koṭau nikṣepād dheyopādeya-vibhāga-kathanāya grāhya-samāpattir eva vivṛtā sūtra-kāreṇa | catur-vidhā hi grāhya-samāpattiḥ sthūla-grāhya-gocarā dvividhā sa-vitarkā nirvitarkā ca | sūkṣma-grāhya-gocarāpi dvivdihā sa-vicārā nirvikārā ca | tatra śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpaiḥ saṃkīrṇā savitarkā samāpattiḥ [YogaS 1.42] śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpa-sambhinnā sthūlārthāvabhāsa-rūpā savitarkā samāpattiḥ sthūla-gocarā savikalpaka-vṛttir ity arthaḥ |

smṛti-pariśuddhau svarūpa-śūnyevārtha-mātra-nirbhāsā nirvitarkā [YogaS 1.43] tasminn eva sthūla ālambane śabdārtha-smṛti-pravilaye pratyudita-spaṣṭa-grāhyākāra-pratibhāsitayā nyag-bhūta-jñānāṃśatvena svarūpa-śūnyeva nirvitarkā samāpattiḥ sthūla-gocarā nirvikalpaka-vṛttir ity arthaḥ | etayaiva savicārā nirvicārā ca sūkṣma-viṣayā vyākhyātā [YogaS 1.44] sūkṣmas tan-mātrādir viṣayo yasyāḥ sā sūkṣma-viṣayā samāpattir dvividhā sa-vicārā nirvicārā ca savikalpaka-nirvikalpaka-bhedena | etayaiva savitarkayā nirvitarkayā ca sthūla-viṣayayā samāpattyā vyākhyātā | śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpa-sahitatvena deśa-kāla-dharmādy-avacchinnaḥ sūkṣmo ‚rthaḥ pratibhāti yasyāṃ sā sa-vicārā | sa-vicāra-nirvicārayoḥ sūkṣma-viṣayatva-viśeṣaṇāt savitarka-nirvitarkayoḥ sthūla-viṣayatvam arthād vyākhyātam | sūkṣma-viṣayatvaṃ cāliṅga-paryavasānam [YogaS 1.45] sa-vicārāyā nirvicārāyāś ca samāpatter yat sūkṣma-viṣayatvam uktaṃ tad-aliṅga-paryantaṃ draṣṭavyam | tena sānanda-sāsmitayor grahitṛ-grahaṇa-samāpattyor api grāhya-samāpattāv evāntar-bhāva ity arthaḥ | tathā hi – pārthivasyāṇor gandha-tanmātraṃ sūkṣmo viṣayaḥ | āpasyāpi rasa-tanmātraṃ, taijasasya rūpa-tanmātram, vāyavīyasya sparśa-tanmātraṃ, nabhasaḥ śabda-tanmātraṃ, teṣām ahaṅkāras tasya liṅga-mātraṃ mahat-tattvaṃ tasyāpy aliṅgaṃ pradhānaṃ sūkṣmo viṣayaḥ | saptānām api prakṛtīnāṃ pradhāna eva sūkṣmatā-viśrāntes tat-paryantam eva sūkṣma-viṣayatvam uktam | yadyapi pradhānād api puruṣaḥ sūkṣmo ‚sti tathāpy anvayi-kāraṇatvābhāvāt tasya sarvānvayi-kāraṇe pradhāna eva niratiśayaṃ saukṣmyaṃ vyākhyātam | puruṣas tu nimitta-kāraṇaṃ sad api nānanvayi-kāraṇatvena sūkṣmatām arhati | anvayi-kāraṇatva-vivakṣāyāṃ tu puruṣo ‚pi sūkṣmo bhavaty eveti draṣṭavyam | tā eva sa-bījaḥ samādhiḥ [YogaS 1.46] tāś catasraḥ samāpattayo grāhyeṇa bījena saha vartanta iti sa-bījaḥ samādhir vitarka-vicārānandāsmitānugamāt samprajñāta iti prāg uktaḥ | sthūle ‚rthe sa-vitarko nirvitarkaḥ | sūkṣme ‚rthe sa-vicāro nirvicāra iti |

tatrāntimasya phalam ucyate — nirvicāra-vaiśāradye ‚dhyātma-prasādaḥ [YogaS 1.47] sthūla-viṣayatve tulye ‚pi sa-vitarkaṃ śabdārtha-jñāna-vikalpa-saṅkīrṇam apekṣya tad-rahitasya nirvikalpaka-rūpasya nirvitarkasya prādhānyam | tataḥ sūkṣma-viṣayasya sa-vikalpaka-pratibhāsa-rūpasya sa-vicārasya | tato ‚pi sūkṣma-viṣayasya nirvikalpaka-pratibhāsa-rūpasya nirvicārasya prādhānyam | tatra pūrveṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ nirvicārārthatvān nirvicāra-phalenaiva phalavattvam | nirvicārasya tu prakṛṣṭābhyāsa-balād vaiśāradye rajas-tamo-nabhibhūta-sattvodreke saty adhyātma-prasādaḥ kleśa-vāsanā-rahitasya cittasya bhūtārtha-viṣayaḥ kramānanurodhī sphuṭaḥ prajñālokaḥ prādurbhavati | tathā ca bhāṣyam –

prajñā-prasādam āruhya aśocyaḥ śocato janān |
bhūmiṣṭhān iva śailasthaḥ sarvān prājño ‚nupaśyati || iti |

ṛtaṃbharā tatra prajñā [YogaS 1.48] tatra tasmin prajñā-prasāde sati samāhita-cittasya yogino yā prajñā jāyate sā ṛtam-bharā | ṛtaṃ satyam eva bibharti na tatra viparyāsa-gandho ‚py astīti yogikyeveyaṃ samākhyā | sā cottamo yogaḥ | tathā ca bhāṣyam –

āgamenānumānena dhyānābhyāsa-rasena ca |
tridhā prakalpayan prajñāṃ labhate yogam uttamam || iti |

sā tu śrutānumāna-prajñābhyām anya-viṣayā viśeṣārthatvāt [YogaS 1.49] | śrutam āgama-vijñānānaṃ tat-sāmānya-viṣayam eva | na hi viśeṣeṇa saha kasyacic chabdasya saṅgatir grahītuṃ śakyate | tathānumānaṃ sāmānya-viṣayam eva | na hi viśeṣeṇa saha kasyacid vyāptir grahītuṃ śakyate | tasmāc chrutānumāna-viṣayo na viśeṣaḥ kaścid asti | na cāsya sūkṣma-vyavahita-viprakṛṣṭasya vastuno loka-pratyakṣeṇa grahaṇam asti | kiṃ tu samādhi-prajñā-nirgrāhya eva sa viśeṣo bhavati bhūta-sūkṣma-gato vā puruṣa-gato vā | tasmān nirvicāra-vaiśāradya-samudbhavāyāṃ śrutānumāna-vilakṣaṇāyāṃ sūkṣma-vyavahita-prakṛṣṭa-sarva-viśeṣa-viṣayāyāmṛtaṃbharāyām eva prajñāyāṃ yoginā mahān prayatna āstheya ity arthaḥ |

nanu kṣipta-mūḍha-vikṣiptākhya-vyutthāna-saṃskārāṇām ekāgratāyām api sa-vitarka-nirvitarka-sa-vicāra-janānāṃ saṃskārāṇāṃ sad-bhāvāt taiś cālyamānasya cittasya kathaṃ nirvicāra-vaiśāradya-pūrvakādhyātma-prasāda-labhya-rtambharā prajñā pratiṣṭhitā syād ata āha — taj-jaḥ saṃskāro ‚nya-saṃskāra-pratibandhī [YogaS 1.50] tayā ṛtambharayā prajñayā janito yaḥ saṃskāraḥ sa tattva-viṣayayā prajñayā janitatvena balavattvād anyān vyutthānajān samādhijāṃś ca saṃskārān atattva-viṣaya-prajñā-janitatvena durbalān pratibadhnāti sva-kāryākṣamān karoti nāśyatīti vā | teṣāṃ saṃskārāṇām abhibhavāt tat-prabhavāḥ pratyayā na bhavanti | tataḥ samādhir upatiṣṭhate | tataḥ samādhijā prajñā | tataḥ prajñā-kṛtāḥ saṃskārā iti navo navaḥ saṃskārāśayo vardhate | tataś ca prajñā | taataś ca saṃskārā iti |

nanu bhavatu vyutthāna-saṃskārāṇām atattva-viṣaya-prajñā-janitānāṃ tattva-mātra-viṣaya-samprajñāta-samādhi-prajñā-prabhavaiḥ saṃskāraiḥ pratibandhas teṣāṃ tu saṃskārāṇāṃ pratibandhakābhāvād ekāgra-bhūmāv eva sa-bījaḥ samādhiḥ syān na tu nirbījo nirodha-bhūmāv iti tatrāha — tasyāpi nirodhe sarva-nirodhān nirbījaḥ samādhiḥ [YogaS 1.51] tasya samprajñātasya samādher ekāgra-bhūmijasya | api-śabdāt kṣipta-mūḍha-vikṣiptānām api nirodhe yogi-prayatna-viśeṣeṇa vilaye sati sarva-nirodhāt samādheḥ samādhijasya saṃskārasyāpi nirodhān nirbījo nirālambano ‚saṃprajñāta-samādhir bhavati | sa ca sopāyaḥ prāk sūtritaḥ — virāma-pratyayābhyāsa-pūrvaḥ saṃskāra-śeṣo ‚nyaḥ [YogaS 1.18] iti | viramyate ‚neneti virāmo vitarka-vicārānandāsmitādi-rūpa-cintā-tyāgaḥ | tasya pratyayaḥ kāraṇaṃ paraṃ vairāgyam iti yāvat | virāmaś cāsau pratyayaś citta-vṛtti-viśeṣa iti vā | tasyābhyāsaḥ paunaḥpunyena cetasi niveśanaṃ tad eva pūrvaṃ kāraṇaṃ yasya sa tathā saṃskāra-mātra-śeṣaḥ sarvathā nivṛttiko ‚nyaḥ pūrvoktāt sa-bījād vilakṣaṇo nirbījo ‚saṃprajñāta-samādhir ity arthaḥ | asamprajñātasya hi samādher dvāv upāyāv uktāv abhyāso vairāgyaṃ ca | tatra sālambanatvād abhyāsasya na nirālambana-samādhi-hetutvaṃ ghaṭata iti nirālambanaṃ paraṃ vairāgyam eva hetutvenocyate |

abhyāsas tu samprajñāta-samādhi-dvārā praṇāḍyopayujyate | tad uktaṃ — trayam antaraṅgaṃ pūrvebhyaḥ [YogaS 3.7] | dhāraṇā-dhyāna-samādhi-rūpaṃ sādhana-trayaṃ yama-niyamāsana-prāṇāyāma-pratyāhāra-rūpa-sādhana-pañcakāpekṣayā sa-bījasya samādher antaraṅgaṃ sādhanam | sādhana-koṭau ca samādhi-śabdenābhyāsa evocyate | mukhyasya samādheḥ sādhyatvāt | tad api bahiraṅgaṃ nirbījasya [YogaS 3.8] | nirbījasya tu samādhes tad api trayaṃ bahiraṅgaṃ paramparayopakāri tasya tu paraṃ vairāgyam evāntaraṅgam ity arthaḥ |

ayam api dvividho bhava-pratyaya upāya-pratyayaś ca | bhava-pratyayo videha-prakṛti-layānām [YogaS 1.19] | videhānāṃ sānandānāṃ prakṛti-layānāṃ ca sāsmitānāṃ daivānāṃ prāg-vyākhyātānāṃ janma-viśeṣād auṣadhi-viśeṣān mantra-viśeṣāt tapo-viśeṣād vā yaḥ samādhiḥ sa bhava-pratyayaḥ | bhavaḥ saṃsāra ātmānātma-vivekābhāva-rūpaḥ pratyayaḥ kāraṇaṃ yasya sa tathā | janma-mātra-hetuko vā pakṣiṇām ākāśa-gamanavat | punaḥ saṃsāra-hetutvān mumukṣubhir heya ity arthaḥ | śraddhā-vīrya-smṛti-samādhi-prajñā-pūrvaka itareṣām [YogaS 1.20] | janmauṣadhi-mantra-tapaḥ-siddha-vyatiriktānām ātmānātma-viveka-darśināṃ tu yaḥ samādhiḥ sa śraddhā-pūrvakaḥ | śraddhādayaḥ pūrva upāyā yasya sa tathā | upāya-pratyaya ity arthaḥ |

teṣu śraddhā yoga-viṣaye cetasaḥ prasādaḥ | sā hi jananīva yoginaṃ pāti | tataḥ śraddadhānasya vivekārthino vīryam utsāha upajāyate | samupajāta-vīryasya pāścātyāsu bhūmiṣu smṛtir utpadyate | tat-smaraṇāc ca cittam anākulaṃ sat samādhīyate | samādhir atraikāgratā | samāhita-cittasya prajñā bhāvya-gocarā vivekena jāyate | tad-abhyāsāt parāc ca vairāgyād bhavaty asamprajñātaḥ samādhir mumukṣūṇām ity arthaḥ | pratikṣaṇa-pariṇāmino hi bhāvā ṛte citi-śakteḥ iti nyāyena tasyām api sarva-vṛtti-nirodhāvasthāyāṃ citta-pariṇāma-pravāhas taj-janya-saṃskāra-pravāhaś ca bhavaty evety abhipretya saṃskāra-viśeṣa ity uktam |

tasya ca saṃskārasya prayojanam uktam — tataḥ praśānta-vāhitā saṃskārāt [YogaS 3.10] iti | praśānta-vāhitā nāmāvṛttikasya cittasya nirindhanāgnivat pratiloma-pariṇāmenopaśamaḥ | yathā samid-ājyādy-āhuti-prakṣepe vahnir uttarottara-vṛddhyā prajvalati, samid-ādi-kṣaye tu prathama-kṣaṇe kiṃcic chāmyati | uttarottara-kṣaṇeṣu tv adhikam adhikaṃ śāmyatīti krameṇa śāntir vardhate | tathā niruddha-cittasyottarottarādhikaḥ praśamaḥ pravahati | tatra pūrva-praśama-janitaḥ saṃskāra evottarottara-praśamasya kāraṇam | tadā ca nirindhanāgnivac cittaṃ krameṇopaśāmyad-vyutthāna-samādhi-nirodha-saṃskāraiḥ saha svasyāṃ prakṛtau līyate | tadā ca samādhi-paripāka-prabhavena vedānta-vākyajena samyag-darśanenāvidyāyāṃ nivṛttāyāṃ tad-dhetuka-dṛg-dṛśya-saṃyogābhāvād vṛttau pañca-vidhāyām api nivṛttāyāṃ svarūpa-pratiṣṭhaḥ puruṣaḥ śuddhaḥ kevalo mukta ity ucyate |

tad uktaṃ — tadā draṣṭuḥ svarūpe ‚vasthānam [YogaS 1.3] iti | tadā sarva-vṛtti-nirodhe | vṛtti-daśāyāṃ tu nityāpariṇāmi-caitanya-rūpatvena tasya sarvadām śuddhatve ‚py anādinā dṛśya-saṃyogenāvidyakenāntaḥkaraṇa-tādātmyādhyāsād antaḥkaraṇa-vṛtti-sārūpyaṃ prāpnuvan nabhoktāpi bhokteva duḥkhānāṃ bhavati |

tad uktaṃ — vṛtti-sārūpyam itaratra [YogaS 4] | itaratra vṛtti-prādurbhāve | etad eva vivṛttaṃ draṣṭṛ-dṛśyoparaktaṃ cittaṃ sarvārtham [YogaS 4.23] cittam eva draṣṭṛ-dṛśyoparaktaṃ viṣayi-viṣaya-nirbhāsaṃ cetanācetana-svarūpāpannaṃ viṣayātmakam apy aviṣayātmakam ivācetanam api cetanam iva sphaṭika-maṇi-kalpaṃ sarvārtham ity ucyate | tad anena citta-sārūpyeṇa bhrāntāḥ kecit tad eva cetanam ity āhuḥ | tad asaṃkhyeya-vāsanā-citram api parārthaṃ saṃhatya-kāritvāt [YogaS 4.24] | yasya bhogāpavargārthaṃ tat sa eva paraś cetano ‚saṃhataḥ puruṣo na tu ghaṭādivat saṃhatya-kāri cittaṃ cetanam ity arthaḥ | evaṃ ca viśeṣa-darśina ātma-bhāva-bhāvanā-vinivṛttiḥ [YogaS 4.25] | evaṃ yo ‚ntaḥ-karaṇa-puruṣayor viśeṣa-darśī tasya yāntaḥ-karaṇe prāg-aviveka-vaśād ātma-bhāva-bhāvanāsīt sā nivartate | bheda-darśane saty abheda-bhramānupapatteḥ |

sattva-puruṣayor viśeṣa-darśanaṃ ca bhagavad-arpita-niṣkāma-karma-sādhyam | tal-liṅgaṃ ca yoga-bhāṣye darśitam | yathā prāvṛṣi tṛṇāṅkurasyodbhedena tad-bīja-sattānumīyate thatā mokṣa-mārga-śravaṇena siddhānta-ruci-vaśād yasya lomaharṣāśru-pātau dṛśyete tatrāpy asti viśeṣa-darśana-bījam apavarga-mārgīyaṃ karmābhinirvartitam ity anumīyate | yasya tu tādṛśaṃ karma-bījaṃ nāsti tasya mokṣa-mārga-śravaṇe pūrva-pakṣa-yuktiṣu rucir bhavaty aruciś ca siddhānta-yuktiṣu | tasya ko ‚ham āsaṃ katham aham āsam ity ādir ātma-bhāva-bhāvanā svābhāvikī pravartate | sā tu viśeṣa-darśino nivartata iti |

evaṃ sati kiṃ syād iti tad āha — tadā viveka-nimnaṃ kaivalya-prāg-bhāraṃ cittam [YogaS 4.26] | nimnaṃ jala-pravahaṇa-yogyo nīca-deśaḥ | prāg-bhāras tad-ayogya ucca-pradeśaḥ | cittaṃ ca sarvadā pravartamāna-vṛtti-pravāheṇa pravahaj-jala-tulyaṃ tat prāg-ātmānātmāviveka-rūpa-vimārga-vāhi-viṣaya-bhoga-paryantam asyāsīt | adhunā tv ātmānātma-viveka-mārga-vāhi-kaivalya-paryantaṃ sampadyata iti | asmiṃś ca viveka-vāhini citte ye ‚ntarāyās te sa-hetukā nivartanīyā ity āha sūtrābhyām — tac-chidreṣu pratyayāntarāṇi saṃskārebhyaḥ | hānam eṣāṃ kleśavad uktam [YogaS 4.27-8] | tasmin viveka-vāhini citte chidreṣv antarāleṣu pratyayāntarāṇi vyutthāna-rūpāṇy ahaṃ mamety evaṃrūpāṇi vyutthānānubhavajebhyaḥ saṃskārebhyaḥ kṣīyamāṇbhyo ‚pi prādurbhavanti | eṣāṃ ca saṃskārāṇāṃ kleśānām iva hānam uktam | yathā kleśā avidyādayo jñānāgninā dagdha-bīja-bhāvā ca punaś citta-bhūmau prarohaṃ prāpnuvanti tathā jñānāgninā dagdha-bīja-bhāvāḥ saṃskārāḥ pratyayāntarāṇi na praroḍhum arhanti | jñānāgni-saṃskārās tu yāvac cittam anuśerata iti |

evaṃ ca pratyayāntarānudayena viveka-vāhini citte sthirībhūte sati prasaṃkhyāne ‚py akusīdasya sarvathāviveka-khyāter dharma-meghaḥ samādhiḥ [YogaS 4.29] prasaṅkhyānaṃ sattva-puruṣānyatā-khyātiḥ śuddhātma-jñānam iti yāvat | tatra buddheḥ sāttvike pariṇāme kṛta-saṃyamasya sarveṣāṃ guṇa-pariṇāmānāṃ svāmivad ākramaṇaṃ sarvādhiṣṭhātṛtvaṃ teṣām eva ca śāntoditāvyapadeśya-dharmitvena sthitānāṃ yathāvad viveka-jñānaṃ sarva-jñātṛtvaṃ ca viśokā nāma siddhiḥ phalaṃ tad-vairāgyāc ca kaivalyam uktaṃ — sattva-puruṣānyatā-khyāti-mātrasya sarva-bhāvādhiṣṭhātṛtvaṃ sarva-jñātṛtvaṃ ca [YogaS 3.49] sattva-puruṣayoḥ śuddhi-sāmye kaivalyam [YogaS 3.55] iti sūtrābhyām | tad etad ucyate tasmin prasaṅkhyāne saty apy akusīdasya phalam alipsoḥ pratyayāntarāṇām anudaye sarva-prakārair viveka-khyāteḥ paripoṣād dharma-meghaḥ samādhir bhavati |

ijyācāra-damāhiṃsā-dāna-svādhyāya-karmaṇām |
ayaṃ tu paramo dharmo yad yogenātma-darśanam || iti smṛteḥ ||

dharmaṃ pratyag-brahmaikya-sākṣātkāraṃ mehati siñcatīti dharma-meghas tattva-sākṣātkāra-hetur ity arthaḥ | tataḥ kleśa-karma-nivṛttiḥ | tato dharma-meghāt samādher dharmād vā kleśānāṃ pañca-vidhānām avidyāsmitā-rāga-dveṣābhiniveśānāṃ karmaṇāṃ ca kṛṣṇa-śuklakṛṣṇa-śukla-bhedena trividhānām avidyā-mūlānām avidyā-kṣaye bīja-kṣayād ātyantikī nivṛttiḥ kaivalyaṃ bhavati | kāraṇa-nivṛttyā kārya-nivṛtter ātyantikyā ucitatvād ity arthaḥ |

evaṃ sthite yuñjann eva sadātmānam ity anena samprajñātaḥ samādhir ekāgra-bhūmāv uktaḥ | niyata-mānasa ity anena tat-phala-bhūto ‚samprajñāta-samādhir nirodha-bhūmāv uktaḥ | śāntim iti nirodha-samādhija-saṃskāra-phala-bhūtā praśānta-vāhitā | nirvāṇa-paramam iti dharma-meghasya samādhes tattva-jñāna-dvārā kaivalya-hetutvaṃ, mat-saṃsthām ity anenaupaniṣadābhimataṃ kaivalyaṃ darśitam | yasmād evaṃ mahā-phalo yogas tasmāt taṃ mahatā prayatnena sampādayed ity abhiprāyaḥ

Viśvanātha

ātmānaṃ mano yuñjan dhyāna-yoga-yuktaṃ kurvan | yato niyata-mānaso viṣayoparata-cittaḥ | nirvāṇo mokṣa eva paramaḥ prāpyo yasyāṃ mayy eva nirviśeṣa-brahmaṇi samyak sthā sthitir yasyāṃ tāṃ śāntiṃ saṃsāroparatiṃ prāpnoti

Baladeva

evam āsīnasya kiṃ syāt tad āha yuñjann iti | yogī sadā pratidinam ātmānaṃ yuñjann arpayan | niyata-mānasaḥ mat-sparśa-pariśuddhatayā niyataṃ niścalaṃ mānasaṃ cittaṃ yasya sa, mat-saṃsthāṃ mad-adhīnāṃ nirvāṇa-paramāṃ śāntim adhigacchati labhate | tam eva viditvātimṛtyum eti [ŚvetU 3.8] ity ādi śravaṇāt | nirvāṇa-paramāṃ mokṣāvadhikām iti siddhayo ‚pi yoga-phalānīty uktam