BhG 1.21-23

senayor ubhayor madhye rathaṃ sthāpaya me ‘cyuta
yāvad etān nirīkṣe ‘haṃ yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān
kair mayā saha yoddhavyam asmin raṇa-samudyame

yotsyamānān avekṣe ‘haṃ ya ete ‘tra samāgatāḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrasya dur-buddher yuddhe priya-cikīrṣavaḥ

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syntax


he acyuta (O Acyta!),
yāvat (as long as) ahaṁ (I) etān (these) yoddhu-kāmān (who are eager to fight) avasthitān (arrayed), mayā (by me) kaiḥ saha (with whom) asmin (in this) raṇa-samudyame (engagement in battle) yoddhavyam (to be fought with) nirīkṣe (I look at).
ye ete (those who) atra (here) samāgatāḥ (who are assembled), yuddhe (in battle) dur-buddheḥ (of the evil-minded) dhārtarāṣṭrasya (of the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) priya-cikīrṣavaḥ (those who desire to please).
[yāvat] (as long as) ahaṁ (I) [tān] (those) yotsyamānān (who will be fighting) avekṣe (I look at),
[tāvat] (so long) ubhayoḥ (of both) senayoḥ (of the two armies) madhye (in the middle) me (my) ratham (chariot) sthāpaya (you must place).

 

grammar

senayoḥ senā 6n.2 f.of the two armies;
ubhayoḥ ubhā sn. 6n.2 f.of both;
madhye madhya 7n.1 n.in the middle, inside;
ratham ratha 2n.1 m.chariot;
sthāpaya sthā (to stand) Imperat. caus. P 2v.1cause to stand;
me asmat sn. 6n.1my (shortened form of: mama);
acyuta a-cyuta (cyu – to shake, to fall, to deviate) PP 8n.1 m.O unfailling one;

******

yāvat av.as long as, as great;
etān etat sn. 2n.3 m.these;
nirīkṣe nir-īkṣ (to look at, to behold) Praes. Ā 3v.1I look at;
aham asmat sn. 1n.1I;
yoddhu-kāmān yoddhu-kāma 2n.3 m.; ye yoddhuṁ kāmayante tānthose who are eager to fight (from: yudh – to fight; kam –to wish, to love, to long for, kāma – wish, desire; suffix goes with inf. without a nasal: yoddhu = yoddhum);
avasthitān ava-sthita (ava-sthā – to stand) PP 2n.3 m.arrayed;
kaiḥ kim sn. 3n.3 m.with whom;
mayā asmat sn. 3n.1by me;
saha av. along with (postposition, requires instrumental);
yoddhavyam yoddhavya (yudh – to fight) PF 1n.1 n.to be fought with;
asmin idam sn. 7n.1 m.in this;
raṇa-samudyame raṇa-sam-ud-yama 7n.1 m.; TP: raṇasya samudyama itiin the engagement in battle (from: raṇ – to rejoice, raṇa – delight, fight, battle; sam-ud-yam – to raise, to set up, samudyama – raising up, readiness to, exertion, setting about);

******

yotsyamānān yotsyamāna (yudh – to fight) PPr Fut. 2n.3 m.those who will be fighting;
avekṣe ava-īkṣ (to look at, to behold) Praes. Ā 3v.1I look at;
aham asmat sn. 1n.1I;
ye yat sn. 1n.3 m.those who;
ete etat sn. 1n.3 m.these;
atra av.here;
samāgatāḥ sam-āgata (ā-gam – to come) PP 1n.3 m.who are assembled;
dhārtarāṣṭrasya dhārtarāṣṭra 6n.1 m.of the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (from: dhṛta-rāṣṭra – by whom the kingdom is held, from: dhṛ – to hold, PP dhṛta – held; rāṣṭra – kingdom);
durbuddheḥ dur-buddhi 6n.1 m.of one with bad intelligence, of avi-minded (from: dur / dus – prefix: difficult, bad, hard; budh – to wake, to perceive, to understand, buddhi – intelligence, thought, understanding, knowledge, idea, opinion);
yuddhe yuddha 7n.1 n.in battle (from: yudh – to fight);
priya-cikīrṣavaḥ priya-cikīrṣu 3n.1 m.; TP: ye priyaṁ kartum icchavas tethose who desire to please (from: prī – to please, priya – beloved, dear to, love, kindness; kṛ – to do, des. cikīrṣu – who desires to do);

 

textual variants


In some manuscripts before the third pada of the verse there is: arjuna uvāca (Arjuna spoke);
senayor ubhayor madhye → ubhayor senayor madhye (between the two armies);
nirīkṣe → nirīkṣye (is looked at);
kair → yair / tair (with whom / with them);
raṇa-samudyame → raṇa-samudyate (in a begun battle);
yotsyamānān → yodhyamānān (being fought PPr caus. pass.);
avekṣe → avekṣye (will be looked at);
dhārtarāṣṭrasya → dhṛtarāṣṭrasya / duryodhanasya (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra / of Duryodhana);

 
 



Śāṃkara

no commentary up to the verse BhG 2.10

 

Rāmānuja

no commentary up to the verse BhG 1.25

 

Madhva

no commentary up to the verse BhG 2.11

 

Śrīdhara

tad eva vākyam āha senayor ubhayor ity ādi | yāvad etān iti | nanu tvaṃ yoddhā na tu yuddha-prekṣakas tatrāha kair mayety ādi | kaiḥ saha mayā yoddhavyam | yotsyamānān iti dhārtarāṣṭrasya duryodhanasya priyaṃ kartum icchanto ye iha samāgatāḥ tān ahaṃ drakṣyāmi yāvat | tāvad ubhayoḥ senayor madhye me rathaṃ sthāpayety anvayaḥ

 

Viśvanātha

no commentary up to the verse BhG 1.25

 

Baladeva

arjuna-vākyam āha senayor iti | he acyutedi svabhāva-siddhād bhakta-vātsalyāt pāramaiśvaryāc ca na cyavase smeti tena tena ca niyantirto bhaktasya me vākyāt tatra rathaṃ sthitaṃ kuru nirbhaya tatra ratha-sthāpane phalam āha yāvad iti | yoddhu-kāmān na tu sahāsmābhiḥ sandhiṃ cikīrṣūn | avasthitān na tu bhītyā pracalitān |
nanu tvaṃ yoddhā, na tu yuddha-prekṣakas tatas tad-darśanena kim iti cet tatrāha kair iti | asmin bandhūnām eva mitho raṇodyoge kair bandhubhiḥ saha mama yuddhaṃ bhāvīty etaj-jñānāyaivaa madhye ratha-sthāpanam iti |
nanu bandhutvād eet sandhim eva vidhātsyantīti cet tatrāha yotsyamānān iti na tu sandhiṃ vidhāsyataḥ | avekṣe pratyemi | durbuddheḥ kudhiyaḥ svajīvanopāyānabhijñasya yuddhe na tu durbuddhy-apanayane | ato mad-yuddha-pratiyogi-nirīkṣaṇaṃ yuktam iti

 
 



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