BhG 4.25

daivam evāpare yajñaṃ yoginaḥ paryupāsate
brahmāgnāv apare yajñaṃ yajñenaivopajuhvati

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syntax


apare (others) yoginaḥ (yogīs) daivam eva (only related to divinities) yajñam (sacrifice) paryupāsate (they attend),
apare (others) brahmāgnau (in the fire of brahman) yajñena eva (only by the sacrifice) yajñam (sacrifice) upajuhvati (they offer in sacrifice).

 

grammar

daivam daiva 2n.1 m.divine, related to divinities (from: div – to shine, to play, deva – god, divinity);
eva av.certainly, just, merely;
apare a-para 1n.3 m.others, those later, different;
yajñam yajña 2n.1 m. sacrifice, worship (from: yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
yoginaḥ yogin 1n.3 m.yogīs (yuj – to yoke, to join, to engage, yoga – yoga, yoking, application, a means, one of the schools of Hindu philosophy);
paryupāsate pari-upa-ās (to worship, to attend upon) Praes. Ā 1v.3they worship, they attend;
brahmāgnāu brahma-agni 7n.1 m.; TP:: brahmaṇaḥ agnāv itiin the fire of brahman (from: bṛh – to increase, brahman – spirit, the Vedas; ag – to move tortuously, agni – fire);
apare a-para 1n.3 m.others, those later, different;
yajñam yajña 2n.1 m. sacrifice, worship (from: yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
yajñena yajña 3n.1 m. by the sacrifice, by worship (from: yaj – to consecrate, to sacrifice, to worship);
eva av.certainly, just, merely;
upajuhvati upa-hu (to offer into fire) Praes. P 1v.3they offer in sacrifice;

 

textual variants


yajñaṁ → jñeyaṁ / yajñaḥ (to be known / sacrifice) – in the first pada;
paryupāsate → samupāsate (they worship);

 
 



Śāṃkara


tatrādhunā samyag-darśanasya yajñatvaṃ sampādya tat-stuty-artham anye’pi yajñā upakṣipyante—

daivam eva devā ijyante yena yajñenāsau daivo yajñas tam evāpare yajñaṃ yoginaḥ karmiṇaḥ paryupāsate, kurvantīty arthaḥ | brahmāgnau satyaṃ jñānam anantaṃ brahma [sthitaittuttaṃ 2.1] vijñānam ānandaṃ brahma [bhāvātmauttaṃ 3.9.28], yat sākṣād aparokṣād brahma ya ātmā sarvāntaraḥ [bhāvātmauttaṃ 3.4.1], ity ādi vacanoktam aśanāyāpipāsādi-sarva-saṃsāra-dharma-varjitaṃ neti neti [bhāvātmauttaṃ 4.4.22] iti nirastāśeṣa-viśeṣaṃ brahma-śabdenocyate | brahma ca tad-agniś ca sa homādhikaraṇatva-vivakṣayā brahmāgnis tasmin brahmāgnāv apare’nye brahma-vido yajñaṃ yajña-śabda-vācya ātmā ātma-nāmasu yajña-śabdasya pāṭhāt [ānāṃirukti 14.11] tam ātmānaṃ yajñaṃ paramārthataḥ param eva brahma santaṃ buddhyādy-upādhi-saṃyuktam adhyasta-sarvopādhi-dharmakam āhuti-rūpaṃ yajṇinaivātmanaivokta-lakṣaṇopajuhvati prakṣipanti, sopādhikasyātmano nirupādhikena para-brahma-svarūpeṇaiva yad darśanaṃ, sa tasmin homas taṃ kurvanti, brahmātmaikatva-darśana-niṣṭhāḥ sannyāsina ity arthaḥ | so’yaṃ samyag-darśana-lakṣaṇo yajño daiva-yajñādiṣu yajñeṣūpakṣipyante brahmārpaṇam ity ād-ślokaiḥ prastutaḥ śreyān dravya-mayād yajñāj jñāna-yajñaḥ parantapa [gītā 4.33] ity ādinā stuty-artham

 

Rāmānuja


evaṃ karmaṇo jñānākāratāṃ pratipādya karmayogabhedān āha

daivaṃ devārcanarūpaṃ yajñam apare karmayoginaḥ paryupāsate sevante / tatraiva niṣṭhāṃ kurvantītyarthaḥ / apare brahmāgnau yajñaṃ yajñenaivopajuhvati; atra yajñaśabdo havis srugādiyajñasādhane vartate; „brahmārpaṇaṃ brahma haviḥ” iti nyāyena yāgahomayor niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti

 

Śrīdhara


etad eva yajñatvena sampāditaṃ sarvatra brahma-darśana-lakṣaṇaṃ jñānaṃ sarva-yajñopāya-prāpyatvāt sarva-yajñebhyaḥ śreṣṭham ity evaṃ stotum adhikāri-bhedena jñānopāya-bhūtān bahūn yajñān āha daivam ity ādibhir aṣṭabhiḥ | devā indra-varuṇādaya ijyante yasmin | eva-kāreṇendrādiṣu brahma-buddhi-rāhityaṃ darśitam | taṃ daivam eva yajñam apare karma-yoginaḥ paryupāsate śraddhayānutiṣṭhanti | apare tu jñāna-yogino brahma-rūpe ‚gnau apare yajñenaivopāyena brahmārpaṇam ity ādy ukta-prakāreṇa yajñam upajuhvati | yajñādi-sarva-karmāṇi pravilāpayantīty arthaḥ | so ‚yaṃ jñāna-yajñaḥ

 

Madhusūdana


adhunā samyag-darśanasya yajña-rūpatvena stāvakatayā brahmārpaṇa-mantre sthite punar api tasya stuty-artham itarāny ajñān upanyasyati daivam iti | devā indrāgny-ādaya ijyante yena sa daivas tam eva yajñaṃ darśa-pūrṇamāsa-jyotiṣṭomādi-rūpam apare yoginaḥ paryupāsate sarvadā kurvanti na jñāna-yajñam | evaṃ karma-yajñam uktvāntaḥ-karaṇa-śuddhi-dvāreṇa tat-phala-bhūtaṃ jñāna-yajñam āha brahmāgnau satya-jñānānantānanda-rūpaṃ nirasta-samasta-viśeṣaṃ brahma tat-padārthas tasminn agnau yajñaṃ pratyag ātmānaṃ tva-padārthaṃ yajñenaiva | yajña-śabda ātma-nāmasu yāskena paṭhitaḥ | itthambhūta-lakṣaṇe tṛtīyā | eva-kāro bhedābheda-vyāvṛtty-arthaḥ | tvaṃ-padārthābhedenaivopajuhvati tat-svarūpatayā paśyantīty arthaḥ | apare pūrva-vilakṣaṇās tattva-darśana-niṣṭhāḥ saṃnyāsina ity arthaḥ |

jīva-brahmābheda-darśanaṃ yajñatvena sampādya tat-sādhana-yajña-madhye paṭhyate śreyān dravya-mayād yajñāj jñāna-yajñaa ity ādinā stotum

 

Viśvanātha


yajñāḥ khalu bhedenānye ‚pi bahavo vartante | tāṃs tvaṃ śṛṇv ity āha daivam evety aṣṭabhiḥ | devā indra-varuṇādaya ijyante yasmin taṃ daivam iti | indrādiṣu brahma-buddhi-rāhityaṃ darśitam | sāsya devatety aṇ | yoginaḥ karma-yoginaḥ | apare jñāna-yoginas tu brahma paramātmaivāgnis tasmiṃs tat-padārthe yajñaṃ haviḥ-sthānīyaṃ tvaṃ-padārthaṃ jīvaṃ yajñena praṇava-rūpeṇa mantreṇaiva juhvati | ayam eva jñāna-yajño ‚gre stoṣyate | atra yajñaṃ yajñena iti śabdau karma-karaṇa-sādhanau prathamātiśayoktyā śuddha-jīva-praṇavāvāhatuḥ

 

Baladeva


evaṃ brahmānusandhi-garbhatayā ca karmaṇo jñānākāratāṃ nirūpya karma-yoga-bhedān āha daivam iti | daivam indrādi-devārcana-rūpaṃ yajñam apare yoginaḥ paryupāsate tatraiva niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti | apare brahmārpaṇaṃ ity ādi-nyāyena brahma-bhūtāgnāv yajñena sruvādinā yajñaṃ ghṛtādi-havī-rūpaṃ juhvati homa eva niṣṭhāṃ kurvatīty arthaḥ

 
 



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