BhG 4.29

syntax

tathā (in that manner) apare (others) prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇāḥ (fully dedicated to stopping the breaths) prāṇāpāna-gatī (the paths of air going up and down) ruddhvā (after checking),
apāne (in the inhaled breath) prāṇam (exhaled breath) juhvati (they offer in sacrifice),
prāṇe ca (and in the exhaled breath) apānam (inhaled breath) [juhvati] (they offer in sacrifice).

grammar

apāne	–	apāna 7n.1 m. – in the air going down (from: ap-√an – to breath downwards);
juhvati	–	√hu (to offer into fire) Praes. P 1v.3 – they offer in sacrifice;
prāṇam	–	prāṇa 2n.1 m. – breath, life, the air going up (from: pra-√an – to breath upwards → √prāṇ – to breath, to live);
prāṇe	–	prāṇa 7n.1 m. – in breath, in the air going up (from: pra-√an – to breath upwards → √prāṇ – to breath, to live);
apānam	–	apāna 2n.1 m. – the air going down (from: ap-√an – to breath downwards);
tathā	–	av. – in that manner, so, in like manner;
apare	–	a-para 1n.3 m. – others, those later, different;
prāṇāpāna-gatī	–	prāṇa-apāna-gati 2n.2 f.; TP: prāṇasyāpānasya ca gatīti – the paths of air going up and down (from: pra-√an – to breath upwards → √prāṇ – to breath, to live, prāṇa – breath, the air going upwards; ap-√an – to breath downwards, apāna – the air going downwards; √gam – to go, gati – moving, passage, means, refuge, goal);
ruddhvā	–	√rudh (to obstruct, to stop) absol. – after stopping;
prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇāḥ	–	prāṇa-āyāma-parāyaṇa 1n.3 m.; BV: yeṣāṁ prāṇānām āyāmaḥ parāyaṇam asti te – those for whom stopping of breaths is the highest goal (from: pra-√an – to breath upwards → √prāṇ – to breath, to live, prāṇa – breath, air; ā-√yam – to strech, to hold in, āyāma – streching stopping; para – beyond, ancient, final, the best, the supreme; ayana – a path; parāyaṇa – supreme path, the final goal; in compounds: fully dedicated to);

textual variants

juhvati → nirjahati / juhvatī (he rises / two persons who offer);

Śāṃkara

kiṃ ca—

apāne’pāna-vṛttau juhvati pratikṣipanti prāṇaṃ prāṇa-vṛttiṃ, pūrakākhyaṃ prāṇāyāmaṃ kurvantīty arthaḥ | prāṇe’pānaṃ tathāpare juhvati | recakākhyaṃ ca prāṇāyāmaṃ kurvantīty etat | prāṇāpāna-gatī mukhya-nāsikābhyāṃ vāyor nirgamanaṃ prāṇasya gatis tad-viparyayeṇādho-gamanam apānasya gatis, te prāṇāpāna-gatī | ete ruddhvā nirudhya prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇāḥ prāṇāyāma-tat-parāḥ kumbhakākhyaṃ prāṇāyāmaṃ kurvantīty arthaḥ

Rāmānuja

apare karmayoginaḥ prāṇāyāmeṣu niṣṭhāṃ kurvanti / te ca trividhāḥ pūrakarecakakumbhakabhedena; apāne juhvati prāṇam iti pūrakaḥ, prāṇe ‚pānam iti recakaḥ, prāṇāpānagatī ruddhvā ….. prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati iti kumbhakaḥ / prāṇāyāmapareṣu triṣv apy anuṣajyate niyatāhārā iti

Śrīdhara

kiṃ ca apāne iti | apāne ‚dho-vṛttau prāṇam ūrdhva-vṛttiṃ pūrakeṇa juhvati | pūraka-kāle prāṇam apānenaikīkurvanti | tathā kumbhakena prāṇāpānayor ūrdhvādho-gatī ruddhvā recaka-kāle ‚pānaṃ prāṇe juhvati | evaṃ pūraka-kumbhaka-recakaiḥ prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇā apara ity arthaḥ | kiṃ ca apara iti | apare tv āhāra-saṅkocam abhyasyantaḥ svayam eva jīryamāṇeṣv indriyeṣu tat-tad-indriya-vṛtti-layaṃ bhāvayantīty arthaḥ |

yad vā – apāne juhvati prāṇaṃ prāṇe ‚pānaṃ tathāpara ity anena pūraka-recakayor āvartamānayor haṃsaḥ so ‚ham ity anulomataḥ pratilomataś ca abhivyajyamānenājapā-mantreṇa tat-ttvaṃ-padārthaikyaṃ vyatīhāreṇa bhāvayantīty arthaḥ | tad uktaṃ yoga-śāstre –
sa-kāreṇa bahir yāti haṃ-kāreṇa viśet punaḥ |
prāṇas tatra sa evāhaṃ haṃsa ity anucintayet || iti |

prāṇāpāna-gatī ruddhvety anena tu ślokena prāṇāyāma-yajñā aparaiḥ kathyante | tatrāyam arthaḥ – dvau bhāgau pūrayed annair jalenaikaṃ prapūrayet | pracārārthaṃ caturtham avaśeṣayed iti | evam ādi-vacanokto niyata āhāro yeṣāṃ te | kumbhakena prāṇāpāna-gatī ruddhvā prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇāḥ santaḥ prāṇān indriyāṇi prāṇeṣu juhvati | kumbhake hi sarve prāṇā ekībhavantīti tatraiva layamāneṣv indriyeṣu homaṃ bhāvayantīty arthaḥ | tad uktaṃ yoga-śāstre –

yathā yathā sadābhyāsān manasaḥ sthiratā bhavet |
vāyu-vāk-kāya-dṛṣṭīnāṃ sthiratā ca tathā tathā || iti

Madhusūdana

apāne juhvati prāṇaṃ prāṇe ‚pānaṃ tathāpare prāṇāpāna-gatī ruddhvā prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇāḥ

Viśvanātha

apare prāṇāyāma-niṣṭhāḥ apāne ‚dho-vṛttau prāṇam ūrdhva-vṛttaṃ juhvati pūraka-kāle prāṇam apānenaikīkurvanti | tathā recaka-kāle ‚pānaṃ prāṇe juhvati | kumbhaka-kāle prāṇāpānayor gatī ruddhvā prāṇāyāma-parāyaṇā bhavanti | apare indriya-jaya-kāmāḥ | niyatāhārā alpāhārāḥ prāṇeṣv āhāra-saṅkocanenaiva jīvyamāneṣu prāṇān indriyāṇi juhvati | indriyāṇāṃ prāṇādhīna-vṛttitvāt prāṇa-daurbalye sati svayam eva sva-sva-viṣaya-grahaṇāsamarthānīndriyāṇi prāṇeṣv evālpīyanta ity arthaḥ

Baladeva

kiṃ cāpāne iti | tathāpare prāṇāyāma- parāyaṇās te tridhā adho-vṛttāv apāne prāṇam ūrdhva-vṛttiṃ juhvati | pūrakeṇa prāṇam apānena sahaikīkurvanti | tathā prāṇe ‚pānaṃ juhvati recakenāpānaṃ prāṇena sahaikīkṛtya bahir nirgamayanti | yathā prāṇāpānayor gatī śvāsa-praśvāsau kumbhakena ruddhvā vartanta iti | āntarasya vāyor nāsāsyena bahir nirgamaḥ śvāsaḥ prāṇasya gatiḥ | vinirgatasya tasyāntaḥ-praveśaḥ praśvāso ‚pānasya gatiḥ | tayor nirodhaḥ kumbhakaḥ sa dvividhaḥ vāyum āpūrya śvāsa-praśvāsayor nirodho ‚ntaḥ-kumbhakaḥ | vāyuṃ virecya tayor nirodho bhaiḥ kumbhakaḥ | apare nityatāhārāḥ bhojana-saṅkocaam abhyasyantaḥ prāṇān indriyāṇi prāṇeṣu juhvati | teṣv alpāhāreṇa jīryamāṇeṣu tad-āyatta-vṛttikāni tāni viṣaya-grahaṇākṣamāṇi taptāyoniṣiktoda-binduvat teṣv eva vilīyante